Array ( [0] => {{Short description|Medication for HIV/AIDS}} [1] => {{Use British English |date=November 2020 }} [2] => {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}} [3] => {{cs1 config |name-list-style=vanc |display-authors=6}} [4] => {{Infobox drug [5] => | type = [6] => | image = Cabotegravir (GSK744).svg [7] => | width = [8] => | alt = [9] => | image2 = Cabotegravir ball-and-stick model.png [10] => | width2 = [11] => | alt2 = [12] => | caption = [13] => [14] => [15] => | pronounce = [16] => | tradename = Vocabria, Apretude [17] => | Drugs.com = {{Drugs.com|monograph|cabotegravir}} [18] => | MedlinePlus = a621010 [19] => | licence_EU = yes [20] => | DailyMedID = Cabotegravir [21] => | licence_US = [22] => | pregnancy_AU = B1 [23] => | pregnancy_AU_comment = {{cite web | title=Vocabria (cabotegravir) film-coated tablets Product Information | website=TGA eBS | date=12 June 2021 | url=https://www.ebs.tga.gov.au/ebs/picmi/picmirepository.nsf/pdf?OpenAgent&id=CP-2021-PI-01237-1 | access-date=12 June 2021 | archive-date=13 June 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613023442/https://www.ebs.tga.gov.au/ebs/picmi/picmirepository.nsf/pdf?OpenAgent&id=CP-2021-PI-01237-1 | url-status=live }} [24] => | pregnancy_category= [25] => | routes_of_administration = [[Oral administration|By mouth]], [[intramuscular]] [26] => | class = [27] => | ATCvet = [28] => | ATC_prefix = J05 [29] => | ATC_suffix = AJ04 [30] => | ATC_supplemental = [31] => [32] => [33] => | legal_AU = S4 [34] => | legal_AU_comment = {{cite web | title=Vocabria | website=Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) | date=26 February 2021 | url=https://www.tga.gov.au/apm-summary/vocabria | access-date=8 September 2021 | archive-date=9 September 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210909020609/https://www.tga.gov.au/apm-summary/vocabria | url-status=live }}{{cite web | title = Summary for ARTG Entry: 323721 VOCABRIA cabotegravir (as sodium) 30 mg film-coated tablet, bottle | work = Therapeutic Goods Administration | publisher = The Government of Australia | date = 13 August 2021 | url = https://www.ebs.tga.gov.au/servlet/xmlmillr6?dbid=ebs/PublicHTML/pdfStore.nsf&docid=CAB15A70571D4AD7CA25867E003CB73A&agid=(PrintDetailsPublic)&actionid=1 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [35] => | legal_BR = [36] => | legal_BR_comment = [37] => | legal_CA = Rx-only [38] => | legal_CA_comment = {{cite web | title=Vocabria Product information | website=Health Canada | date=25 April 2012 | url=https://health-products.canada.ca/dpd-bdpp/info.do?lang=en&code=98705 | access-date=22 January 2021 | archive-date=24 February 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224201928/https://health-products.canada.ca/dpd-bdpp/info.do?lang=en&code=98705 | url-status=live }} [39] => | legal_DE = [40] => | legal_DE_comment = [41] => | legal_NZ = [42] => | legal_NZ_comment = [43] => | legal_UK = [44] => | legal_UK_comment = [45] => | legal_US = Rx-only [46] => | legal_US_comment = {{cite web | title=Vocabria- cabotegravir sodium tablet, film coated | website=DailyMed | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=66d450fb-cca4-476c-b0c7-c0730e3e4cf3 | access-date=12 June 2021 | archive-date=15 June 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615171227/https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=66d450fb-cca4-476c-b0c7-c0730e3e4cf3 | url-status=live }}{{cite web | title=Apretude- cabotegravir kit | website=DailyMed | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=4338428e-43d4-4e02-ac9d-bd98e738a7da | access-date=24 December 2021 | archive-date=25 December 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211225032129/https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=4338428e-43d4-4e02-ac9d-bd98e738a7da | url-status=live }} [47] => | legal_EU = Rx-only [48] => | legal_EU_comment = {{cite web | title=Vocabria EPAR | website=[[European Medicines Agency]] (EMA) | date=13 October 2020 | url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/vocabria | access-date=22 January 2021 | archive-date=14 July 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714140454/https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/vocabria | url-status=live }} Text was copied from this source which is © European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.{{cite web | title=Vocabria Product information | website=Union Register of medicinal products | url=https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/h1481.htm | access-date=3 March 2023 | archive-date=5 March 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305052410/https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/h1481.htm | url-status=live }}{{cite web | title=Apretude EPAR | website=European Medicines Agency | date=20 September 2023 | url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/apretude | access-date=20 September 2023 | archive-date=6 October 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231006202550/https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/apretude | url-status=live }}{{cite web | title=Apretude Product information | website=Union Register of medicinal products | date=20 September 2023 | url=https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/h1760.htm | access-date=1 October 2023 | archive-date=6 October 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231006202550/https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/h1760.htm | url-status=live }} [49] => | legal_UN = [50] => | legal_UN_comment = [51] => | legal_status = [52] => [53] => [54] => | bioavailability = [55] => | protein_bound = >99% [56] => | metabolism = [[UGT1A1]] [57] => | metabolites = [[glucuronide]] [58] => | onset = [59] => | elimination_half-life = tablets: 41 hours
injection: 5.6–11.5 weeks [60] => | duration_of_action = [61] => | excretion = 47% via feces, 27% via urine [62] => [63] => [64] => | index2_label = as salt [65] => | CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|changed|??}} [66] => | CAS_number = 1051375-10-0 [67] => | CAS_number2 = 1051375-13-3 [68] => | CAS_supplemental = [69] => | PubChem = 54713659 [70] => | PubChem2 = 46215800 [71] => | IUPHAR_ligand = [72] => | DrugBank_Ref = [73] => | DrugBank = DB11751 [74] => | DrugBank2 = DBSALT002064 [75] => | ChemSpiderID_Ref = [76] => | ChemSpiderID = 30829503 [77] => | ChemSpiderID2 = 32702138 [78] => | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} [79] => | UNII = HMH0132Z1Q [80] => | UNII2 = 3L12PT535M [81] => | KEGG_Ref = [82] => | KEGG = D10548 [83] => | KEGG2_Ref = [84] => | KEGG2 = D10549 [85] => | ChEBI_Ref = [86] => | ChEBI = 172944 [87] => | ChEBI2 = 172948 [88] => | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}} [89] => | ChEMBL = 2403238 [90] => | ChEMBL2 = 3137330 [91] => | NIAID_ChemDB = [92] => | PDB_ligand = [93] => | synonyms = S/GSK1265744, GSK744 [94] => [95] => [96] => | IUPAC_name = ''N''-((2,4-Difluorophenyl)methyl)-6-hydroxy-3-methyl-5,7-dioxo-2,3,5,7,11,11a-hexahydro(1,3)oxazolo(3,2-a)pyrido(1,2-d)pyrazine-8-carboxamide [97] => | C=19 | H=17 | F=2 | N=3 | O=5 [98] => | SMILES = C[C@H]1CO[C@H]2N1C(=O)c3c(c(=O)c(cn3C2)C(=O)NCc4ccc(cc4F)F)O [99] => | SMILES2 = [Na+].C[C@H]1CO[C@@H]2CN3C=C(C(=O)NCC4=CC=C(F)C=C4F)C(=O)C([O-])=C3C(=O)N12 [100] => | StdInChI = 1S/C19H17F2N3O5/c1-9-8-29-14-7-23-6-12(16(25)17(26)15(23)19(28)24(9)14)18(27)22-5-10-2-3-11(20)4-13(10)21/h2-4,6,9,14,26H,5,7-8H2,1H3,(H,22,27)/t9-,14+/m0/s1 [101] => | StdInChIKey = WCWSTNLSLKSJPK-LKFCYVNXSA-N [102] => | StdInChI2 = 1S/C19H17F2N3O5.Na/c1-9-8-29-14-7-23-6-12(16(25)17(26)15(23)19(28)24(9)14)18(27)22-5-10-2-3-11(20)4-13(10)21;/h2-4,6,9,14,26H,5,7-8H2,1H3,(H,22,27);/q;+1/p-1/t9-,14+;/m0./s1 [103] => | StdInChIKey2 = AEZBWGMXBKPGFP-KIUAEZIZSA-M [104] => | density = [105] => | density_notes = [106] => | melting_point = [107] => | melting_high = [108] => | melting_notes = [109] => | boiling_point = [110] => | boiling_notes = [111] => | solubility = [112] => | sol_units = [113] => | specific_rotation = [114] => }} [115] => [116] => '''Cabotegravir''', sold under the brand name '''Vocabria''' among others, is a [[antiretroviral medication]] used for the treatment of [[HIV/AIDS]]. It is available in the form of tablets and as an [[intramuscular injection]], as well as in an injectable [[Cabotegravir/rilpivirine|combination with rilpivirine]] under the brand name Cabenuva.{{cite press release | title=FDA Approves First Extended-Release, Injectable Drug Regimen for Adults Living with HIV | website=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) | date=21 January 2021 | url=https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-extended-release-injectable-drug-regimen-adults-living-hiv | access-date=21 January 2021 | archive-date=21 January 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121213203/http://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-extended-release-injectable-drug-regimen-adults-living-hiv | url-status=live }} {{PD-notice}} [117] => [118] => It is an [[integrase inhibitor]] with a carbamoyl [[2-Pyridone|pyridone]] structure similar to that of [[dolutegravir]].{{Cite journal | vauthors = Borrell B |doi=10.1038/nature.2014.14819 |title=Long-acting shot prevents infection with HIV analogue |journal=Nature News |date=March 2014 |s2cid=184399045 }} [119] => [120] => In December 2021, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved cabotegravir for [[pre-exposure prophylaxis]] (PrEP) in at-risk people under the brand name '''Apretude'''.{{cite press release | title=FDA Approves First Injectable Treatment for HIV Pre-Exposure Prevention | website=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) | date=20 December 2021 | url=https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-injectable-treatment-hiv-pre-exposure-prevention | access-date=21 December 2021 | archive-date=22 April 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220422013606/https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-injectable-treatment-hiv-pre-exposure-prevention | url-status=live }} {{PD-notice}} In September 2023, it was approved for pre-exposure prophylaxis in the European Union. [121] => [122] => ==Medical uses== [123] => Cabotegravir in combination with [[rilpivirine]] is indicated for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) in adults. The combination injection is intended for maintenance treatment of adults who have [[undetectable]] HIV levels in the blood ([[viral load]] less than 50 copies/mL) with their current [[antiretroviral]] treatment, and when the virus has not developed resistance to [[non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor]]s (NNRTIs) and [[integrase strand transfer inhibitor]]s. The tablets are used to check whether a person tolerates the treatment before the injection therapy is started. [124] => [125] => The two medicines are the first antiretroviral drugs that come in a long-acting injectable formulation. [126] => [127] => Cabotegravir (Apretude) is indicated for use in at-risk people weighing at least {{convert|35|kg}} for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to reduce the risk of sexually acquired HIV. [128] => [129] => ==Contraindications and interactions== [130] => Cabotegravir must not be combined with the drugs [[rifampicin]], [[rifapentine]], [[carbamazepine]], [[oxcarbazepine]], [[phenytoin]] or [[phenobarbital]], which [[enzyme inducer|induce]] the enzyme [[UGT1A1]]. These drugs significantly decrease cabotegravir concentrations in the body and thus may reduce its effectiveness. Additionally, they induce the enzyme [[CYP3A4]], which leads to reduced rilpivirine concentrations in the body.{{cite web | title=Cabenuva- cabotegravir and rilpivirine kit | website=DailyMed | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=1698baf3-f895-4c42-a1b1-e9ee3f20da36 | access-date=12 June 2021 | archive-date=15 June 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615164959/https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=1698baf3-f895-4c42-a1b1-e9ee3f20da36 | url-status=live }}{{cite web | title=Edurant- rilpivirine hydrochloride tablet, film coated | website=DailyMed | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=03880372-2c68-45c6-a53a-f420c49541d6 | access-date=12 June 2021 | archive-date=28 October 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028142156/https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=03880372-2c68-45c6-a53a-f420c49541d6 | url-status=live }}{{cite web | title=Rilpivirine Monograph for Professionals | website=Drugs.com | date=24 September 2020 | url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/rilpivirine.html | access-date=12 June 2021 | archive-date=10 April 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410080318/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/rilpivirine.html | url-status=live }} [131] => [132] => ==Adverse effects== [133] => The most common side effects of the injectable combination therapy with rilpivirine are reactions at the injection site (in up to 84% of patients) such as [[pain]] and [[Edema|swelling]], as well as [[headache]] (up to 12%) and [[fever]] or feeling hot (in 10%). For the tablets, headache and a hot feeling were slightly less frequent. Less common side effects (under 10%) for both formulations are [[depressive disorder]]s, [[insomnia]], and [[rashes]]. [134] => [135] => ==Pharmacology== [136] => ===Mechanism of action=== [137] => Cabotegravir is an [[integrase strand transfer inhibitor]]. This means it blocks the HIV's enzyme [[integrase]], thereby preventing its [[genome]] from being integrated into the human cells' [[DNA]]. As this is a necessary step for the virus to [[viral replication|replicate]], its further spread is hampered. [138] => [139] => ===Pharmacokinetics=== [140] => [[File:Cabotegravir glucuronide.svg|thumb|Cabotegravir [[glucuronide]], the main [[metabolite]] in human bile and urine{{cite journal | vauthors = Patel M, Eberl HC, Wolf A, Pierre E, Polli JW, Zamek-Gliszczynski MJ | title = Mechanistic Basis of Cabotegravir-Glucuronide Disposition in Humans | journal = The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics | volume = 370 | issue = 2 | pages = 269–277 | date = August 2019 | pmid = 31175220 | doi = 10.1124/jpet.119.258384 | s2cid = 182950312 | doi-access = free }}]] [141] => [142] => When taken by mouth, cabotegravir reaches highest [[blood plasma]] levels after three hours. Taking the drug together with food slightly increases its concentrations in the blood, but this is not clinically relevant. After injection into the muscle, cabotegravir is slowly absorbed into the bloodstream, reaching its highest blood plasma levels after about seven days. [143] => [144] => Over 99% of the substance are bound to [[plasma protein]]s. The drug is inactivated in the body by [[glucuronidation]], mainly by the enzyme UGT1A1, and to a much lesser extent by [[UGT1A9]]. More than 90% of the circulating substance are the unchanged cabotegravir, however. The [[biological half-life]] is 41 hours for the tablets and 5.6 to 11.5 weeks for the injection. [145] => [146] => Elimination has only been studied for [[oral administration]]: Most of the drug is eliminated via the faeces in unchanged form (47%). It is not known how much of this amount comes from the [[bile]], and how much was not absorbed in the first place. (The bile actually contains the glucuronide, but this could be broken up again in the gut [[lumen (anatomy)|lumen]] to give the parent substance that is observed in the faeces.) To a lesser extent it is excreted via the urine (27%), almost exclusively as the glucuronide.{{cite web|url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/product-information/vocabria-epar-product-information_en.pdf|publisher=[[European Medicines Agency]]|title=Vocabria: EPAR – Product information|date=5 January 2021|access-date=23 February 2021|archive-date=10 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410074442/https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/product-information/vocabria-epar-product-information_en.pdf|url-status=live}} [147] => [148] => ===Pharmacogenomics=== [149] => UGT1A1 [[poor metabolizer]]s have 1.3- to 1.5-fold increased cabotegravir concentrations in the body. This is not considered clinically significant. [150] => [151] => ==Chemistry== [152] => Cabotegravir is a white to off-white, crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in [[aqueous solution]]s under [[pH]] 9, and slightly soluble above pH 10. It is slightly acidic with a [[Acid dissociation constant|p''K''a]] of 7.8 for the enolic acid and 11.1 (calculated) for the [[carboxamide]]. The molecule has two [[asymmetric carbon]] atoms; only one of the four possible configurations is present in the medication. [153] => [154] => ===Formulation=== [155] => In studies, the agent was packaged into [[nanoparticle]]s (GSK744LAP) conferring a [[biological half-life]] of 21 to 50 days{{fact|date=February 2021}} following a single dose. The marketed injection achieves its long half-life not via nanoparticles but with a [[suspension (chemistry)|suspension]] of the free cabotegravir acid. The tablets contain cabotegravir [[sodium]] salt.{{cite web|url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/assessment-report/vocabria-epar-public-assessment-report_en.pdf|publisher=[[European Medicines Agency]]|title=Vocabria: EPAR – Public assessment report|date=5 January 2021|access-date=24 February 2021|archive-date=10 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410081916/https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/assessment-report/vocabria-epar-public-assessment-report_en.pdf|url-status=live}} [156] => [157] => ==History== [158] => Cabotegravir was examined in the clinical trials [[HPTN 083]] and HPTN 084.{{Cite web |url=https://www.hptn.org/research/studies/hptn083 |title=HPTN083 — Prevention Now |publisher=HIV Prevention Trials Network |access-date=2 December 2017 |archive-date=27 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180727212311/https://www.hptn.org/research/studies/hptn083 |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |url=https://www.hptn.org/research/studies/hptn084 |title=HPTN084 — Prevention Now |publisher=HIV Prevention Trials Network |access-date=2 December 2017 |archive-date=27 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180727212306/https://www.hptn.org/research/studies/hptn084 |url-status=live }} [159] => [160] => ==Society and culture== [161] => === Legal status === [162] => In 2020, the [[Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use]] (CHMP) of the [[European Medicines Agency]] (EMA) adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Vocabria intended for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in combination with rilpivirine injection.{{cite web |title=Vocabria: Pending EC decision |publisher=[[European Medicines Agency]] (EMA) |date=16 October 2020 |url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/summaries-opinion/vocabria |access-date=16 October 2020 |archive-date=1 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210101042328/https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/summaries-opinion/vocabria |url-status=live }} Text was copied from this source which is © European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. The EMA also recommended marketing authorization be given for rilpivirine and cabotegravir injections to be used together for the treatment of people with HIV-1 infection.{{cite press release |title=First long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy for HIV recommended approval |publisher=[[European Medicines Agency]] (EMA) |date=16 October 2020 |url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/first-long-acting-injectable-antiretroviral-therapy-hiv-recommended-approval |access-date=16 October 2020 |archive-date=17 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017014521/https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/first-long-acting-injectable-antiretroviral-therapy-hiv-recommended-approval |url-status=live }} Text was copied from this source which is © European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. Cabotegravir was approved for medical use in the European Union in December 2020. [163] => [164] => In December 2021, the U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) approved cabotegravir for pre-exposure prophylaxis. The FDA granted the approval of Apretude to Viiv. [165] => [166] => [[Zimbabwe]] became the first [[Africa]]n country to approve the drug in October 2022.{{Cite news |last=Chingono |first=Nyasha |date=20 October 2022 |title=Zimbabwe becomes first African nation to approve HIV prevention drug |language=en |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2022/oct/20/zimbabwe-approves-hiv-prevention-drug-cabotegravir |access-date=21 October 2022 |archive-date=7 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207160745/https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2022/oct/20/zimbabwe-approves-hiv-prevention-drug-cabotegravir |url-status=live }} [167] => [168] => ===Names=== [169] => Cabotegravir is the [[United States Adopted Name]] (USAN){{cite web|title=Adopted USANs|url=http://www.ama-assn.org/resources/doc/usan/x-pub/cabotegravir.pdf|website=American Medical Association|access-date=19 September 2014}} and the [[international nonproprietary name]] (INN).{{cite journal | vauthors=((World Health Organization)) | year=2015 | title=International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN): recommended INN: list 73 | journal=WHO Drug Information | volume=29 | issue=1 | pages=70–1 | hdl=10665/331088 | hdl-access=free }} [170] => [171] => ==Research== [172] => ===Pre-exposure prophylaxis=== [173] => In 2020, results for some studies were released showing success in using injectable cabotegravir for long-acting [[pre-exposure prophylaxis]] (PrEP) with greater efficacy than the [[emtricitabine/tenofovir]] combination being widely used for PrEP at the time.{{cite news |url=https://www.poz.com/article/injectable-prep-much-effective-daily-truvada-recent-trial-1 |title=Injectable PrEP Is Even More Effective Than Daily Truvada |vauthors=Ryan G |work=[[POZ (magazine)|Poz]] |date=7 July 2020 |access-date=9 November 2020 |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613224608/https://www.poz.com/article/injectable-prep-much-effective-daily-truvada-recent-trial-1 |url-status=live }}{{cite news |url=https://www.poz.com/article/women-injectable-cabotegravir-effective-truvada-prep |title=For Women, Injectable Cabotegravir Is More Effective Than Truvada as PrEP |vauthors=Ryan G |work=[[POZ (magazine)|Poz]] |date=9 November 2020 |access-date=9 November 2020 |archive-date=8 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508080241/https://www.poz.com/article/women-injectable-cabotegravir-effective-truvada-prep |url-status=live }} [174] => [175] => The safety and efficacy of cabotegravir to reduce the risk of acquiring HIV were evaluated in two randomized, double-blind trials that compared cabotegravir to emtricitabine/tenofovir, a once daily oral medication for HIV PrEP. Trial 1 included HIV-uninfected men and transgender women who have sex with men and have high-risk behavior for HIV infection. Trial 2 included uninfected [[cisgender]] women at risk of acquiring HIV. [176] => [177] => In Trial 1, 4,566 [[cisgender]] men and [[transgender]] women who have sex with men received either cabotegravir or emtricitabine/tenofovir. The trial measured the rate of HIV infections among trial participants taking daily cabotegravir followed by cabotegravir injections every two months compared to daily oral emtricitabine/tenofovir. The trial showed participants who took cabotegravir had 69% less risk of getting infected with HIV when compared to participants who took emtricitabine/tenofovir. [178] => [179] => In Trial 2, 3,224 cisgender women received either cabotegravir or emtricitabine/tenofovir. The trial measured the rate of HIV infections in participants who took oral cabotegravir and injections of cabotegravir compared to those who took emtricitabine/tenofovir orally. The trial showed participants who took cabotegravir had 90% less risk of getting infected with HIV when compared to participants who took emtricitabine/tenofovir. [180] => [181] => == References == [182] => {{Reflist}} [183] => [184] => {{Antiretroviral drug}} [185] => {{Portal bar | Medicine | Viruses }} [186] => {{Authority control}} [187] => [188] => [[Category:Drugs developed by GSK plc]] [189] => [[Category:Integrase inhibitors]] [190] => [[Category:Fluoroarenes]] [191] => [[Category:Oxazolidines]] [192] => [[Category:4-Pyridones]] [193] => [[Category:Heterocyclic compounds with 3 rings]] [194] => [[Category:Carboxamides]] [] => )
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Cabotegravir

Cabotegravir, sold under the brand name Vocabria among others, is a antiretroviral medication used for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. It is available in the form of tablets and as an intramuscular injection, as well as in an injectable combination with rilpivirine under the brand name Cabenuva.

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