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It is measured as an angle, ranging from 0° at the Prime Meridian to 180° at the International Date Line. The concept of longitude was developed primarily to aid maritime navigation, as knowing one's longitude is crucial for determining precise location at sea. The page provides an overview of the historical development of longitude measurement, starting from ancient times when early cultures attempted to determine longitude through various methods such as celestial observations and travel time. The breakthrough came in the 18th century when English clockmaker John Harrison invented the marine chronometer, a highly accurate timepiece that revolutionized the calculation of longitude. The page also explains the importance of establishing a universally accepted reference point for longitude, which led to the adoption of the Prime Meridian by an international conference in 1884. This meridian, passing through Greenwich in London, became the standard for measuring longitude globally. Furthermore, the page describes how modern technology, such as GPS (Global Positioning System), has made measuring and determining longitude more precise and accessible to ordinary users. It also examines the significance of longitude in various fields, such as cartography, astronomy, and timekeeping. In addition to the historical and technical aspects, the page highlights the cultural and social impact of longitude. It discusses the competing initiatives, controversies, and financial rewards associated with the search for an accurate measurement method. Furthermore, it explores the consequential benefits of accurately knowing one's longitude, both for sailing and for the broader scientific community. Overall, the Wikipedia page on longitude provides a comprehensive and detailed overview of the concept, its historical significance, measurement methods, and its practical and cultural implications.