Array ( [0] => {{Short description|Free and open-source implementation of Java SE}} [1] => {{Use mdy dates|date=June 2013}} [2] => {{Infobox software [3] => | name = OpenJDK [4] => | logo = [[File:OpenJDK logo.svg|200px]] [5] => | screenshot = [6] => | caption = [7] => | developer = [[Oracle Corporation|Oracle]], OpenJDK and Java Community, [[Red Hat]], [[Azul Systems]], [[IBM]], [[Microsoft]], [[Amazon (company)|Amazon]], [[Apple Inc.|Apple]], [[SAP]] [8] => | released = {{Start date and age|2007|05|08}} [9] => | latest release version = {{wikidata|property|edit|reference|P348}} [10] => | latest release date = {{start date and age|{{wikidata|qualifier|P348|P577}}}} [11] => | operating system = [[Linux]], [[FreeBSD]], [[macOS]], [[Microsoft Windows]], [[OpenIndiana]], [[OpenVMS]]; several other ports in progress [12] => | programming language = [[C++]] and [[Java (programming language)|Java]] [13] => | genre = [[Java (software platform)|Java platform]] [14] => | license = [[GNU General Public License|GPL-2.0-only]] with [[GPL linking exception|linking exception]] [15] => | website = {{URL|https://openjdk.org/}} [16] => }} [17] => '''OpenJDK''' ('''Open Java Development Kit''') is a [[free and open-source software|free and open-source]] implementation of the [[Java Platform, Standard Edition]] (Java SE).{{cite web|url = http://openjdk.java.net/|title = OpenJDK homepage|publisher=[[Oracle Corporation]] and/or its affiliates|access-date=January 1, 2013}} It is the result of an effort [[Sun Microsystems]] began in 2006. The implementation is licensed under the [[GNU General Public License|GPL-2.0-only]] with a [[GPL linking exception|linking exception]]. Were it not for the GPL linking exception, components that linked to the [[Java Class Library]] would be subject to the terms of the GPL license. OpenJDK is the official [[reference implementation]] of Java SE since version 7.[https://blogs.oracle.com/java/moving-to-openjdk-as-the-official-java-se-7-reference-implementation Moving to OpenJDK as the official Java SE 7 Reference Implementation][http://jdk.java.net/java-se-ri/7 Java Platform, Standard Edition 7 Reference Implementations]{{cite web |title=Java Platform, Standard Edition 8 Reference Implementations |url=http://jdk.java.net/java-se-ri/8 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121054204/https://jdk8.java.net/java-se-8-ri/ |archive-date=November 21, 2015}} [18] => [19] => ==Components== [20] => The OpenJDK project produces a number of components: most importantly the [[virtual machine]] ([[HotSpot (virtual machine)|HotSpot]]), the [[Java Class Library]] and the Java compiler ([[javac]]). [21] => [22] => The web-browser plugin and [[Java Web Start|Web Start]], which form part of [[Oracle Java]], are not included in OpenJDK. Sun previously indicated that they would try to open-source these components, but neither Sun nor [[Oracle Corporation|Oracle]] have done so. [23] => {{cite web [24] => | url=http://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/jdk6-dev/2009-June/000604.html [25] => | title=OpenJDK and the new plugin [26] => | date=June 8, 2009 [27] => | access-date=September 5, 2009 [28] => | last=Darcy|first=Joe [29] => }} [30] => [31] => The only currently available free plugin and Web Start implementations {{as of | 2016 | lc = on}} are those provided by [[IcedTea]].{{citation needed|date=April 2016}} [32] => [33] => OpenJDK 9+ supports [[AOT compilation]] ({{code|jaotc}}) using [[GraalVM]] (JEP 295). [34] => {{cite web [35] => | url=https://www.infoq.com/news/2016/10/AOT-HotSpot-OpenJDK-9 [36] => | publisher=InfoQ.com [37] => | title=Ahead-of-Time (AOT) Compilation May Come to OpenJDK HotSpot in Java 9 [38] => | quote=''AOT brings about a new tool called 'jaotc' which uses Graal as the backend (to generate code)'' [39] => | date=2016-10-01 [40] => | access-date=2016-10-06 [41] => }} [42] => The experimental {{code|-XX:+EnableJVMCIProduct}} flag enables the use of Graal JIT (JEP 317).{{cite web |title=[JDK-8232118] Add JVM option to enable JVMCI compilers in product mode - Java Bug System |url=https://bugs.openjdk.java.net/browse/JDK-8232118 |website=bugs.openjdk.java.net}} [43] => [44] => ==OpenJDK versions== [45] => OpenJDK was initially based only on the [[Java SE 7|JDK 7 version]] of the Java platform.{{cite web [46] => | url=http://www.sun.com/software/opensource/java/faq.jsp#b10 [47] => | title=Didn't you promise to open source both JDK 6 and JDK 7 last November? What happened to JDK 6? [48] => | quote=Sun did make that promise, and we plan to keep it. But in the six months since the November 2006 announcement, it has become clear that doing this is far more complex than just changing the license and publishing the source code. [49] => | publisher=Sun Microsystems [50] => | access-date=October 14, 2007 [51] => | archive-date=March 3, 2012 [52] => | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303230525/http://www.oracle.com/us/sun/index.htm#b10 [53] => | url-status=dead [54] => }} [55] => [56] => Since JDK 10, the effort to produce an open-source reference implementation of the Java SE Platform was moved over to the JDK Project.{{Cite web|url=http://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/announce/2017-September/000231.html|title=CFV: New Project: JDK|last=oracle.com|first=mark reinhold at|date=September 26, 2017|access-date=2018-02-16}} Unlike past JDK Release Projects, which produced just one feature release and then terminated, this long-running project will produce all future JDK feature releases and will ship a feature release every six months according to a strict, time-based model.{{Cite web|url=http://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/discuss/2017-September/004281.html|title=Accelerating the JDK release cadence|last=oracle.com|first=mark reinhold at|date=September 6, 2017|access-date=2018-02-16}} [57] => [58] => ==OpenJDK builds== [59] => {{missing information|section|presence of installer providing system integration (Windows registry, Mac framework, Linux MIME)|date=November 2020}} [60] => Due to Oracle no longer releasing updates for [[long-term support]] (LTS) releases under a permissive license, others have begun offering builds.{{cite web |url=https://blog.joda.org/2018/09/time-to-look-beyond-oracles-jdk.html|title= Time to look beyond Oracle's JDK }}[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/52431764/difference-between-openjdk-and-adoptopenjdk Difference between OpenJDK and AdoptOpenJDK][https://medium.com/@javachampions/java-is-still-free-2-0-0-6b9aa8d6d244 Java is Still Free] Linux distributions have always offered their own builds, and Windows also offers one now, which can be installed with the [[Windows Package Manager]]. For example, to install OpenJDK 17: [61] => [62] => winget install Microsoft.OpenJDK.17 [63] => [64] => [65] => {| class="wikitable sortable" [66] => |- [67] => ! Build [68] => ! Organization [69] => ! {{abbr|LTS|Long-term support}} [70] => ! Permissive
license [71] => ! [[Technology Compatibility Kit|TCK]]
tested [72] => ! Built
unmodified [73] => ! Commercial
support [74] => |- [75] => ! {{rh}} | [[Adoptium|AdoptOpenJDK]]{{cite web |url=https://adoptopenjdk.net/ |title=AdoptOpenJDK - Open source, prebuilt OpenJDK binaries |access-date=2020-07-10}}
(moved to Eclipse Temurin at Adoptium in 2021){{Cite web|title=Good-bye AdoptOpenJDK. Hello Adoptium!|url=https://blog.adoptopenjdk.net/2021/08/goodbye-adoptopenjdk-hello-adoptium/|access-date=2021-09-22|website=blog.adoptopenjdk.net|language=en}} [76] => | [77] => | {{yes}} [78] => | {{yes}} [79] => | {{yes}} [80] => | {{Optional}} [81] => | {{Optional}} (IBM) [82] => |- [83] => ! {{rh}} | Alibaba Dragonwell{{cite web |url=http://dragonwell-jdk.io/ |title=Alibaba Dragonwell |access-date=2021-06-14}} [84] => | [[Alibaba Group|Alibaba]] [85] => | {{yes}} [86] => | {{yes}} [87] => | {{no}} [88] => | {{no}} [89] => | {{no}} [90] => |- [91] => ! {{rh}} | Amazon Corretto{{cite web |url=https://aws.amazon.com/corretto/ |title=Amazon Corretto |access-date=2020-07-10}} [92] => | [[Amazon (company)|Amazon]] [93] => | {{yes}} [94] => | {{yes}} [95] => | {{yes}} [96] => | {{yes}} [97] => | {{Optional}} (on AWS) [98] => |- [99] => ! {{rh}} | Azul Zulu{{cite web |url=https://www.azul.com/products/zulu-community/ |title=Zulu Community: Free, tested builds of OpenJDK managed by Azul engineers |access-date=2020-07-10}} [100] => | [[Azul Systems]] [101] => | {{yes}} [102] => | {{yes}} [103] => | {{yes}} [104] => | {{no}} [105] => | {{Optional}} [106] => |- [107] => ! {{rh}} | BellSoft Liberica JDK{{cite web |url=https://bell-sw.com/java |title=Download Liberica JDK, OpenJDK, Java 8, Java 11, Linux, Windows, macOS |website=BellSoft |access-date=2020-07-10}} [108] => | [[BellSoft]] [109] => | {{yes}} [110] => | {{yes}} [111] => | {{yes}} [112] => | {{no}} [113] => | {{Optional}} [114] => |- [115] => ! {{rh}} | [[Adoptium|Eclipse Temurin]]{{cite web |url=https://adoptium.net/temurin/ |title=Eclipse Temurin |work=[[Adoptium]] |access-date=2022-05-15}} [116] => | [[Adoptium]] [117] => | {{yes}} [118] => | {{yes}} [119] => | {{yes}} [120] => | {{no}} [121] => | {{Optional}} (Azul, IBM, Red Hat) [122] => |- [123] => ! {{rh}} | IBM Java SDK{{cite web |url=https://developer.ibm.com/javasdk/ |title=Home - Java SDK |access-date=2020-07-10}}
(moved to IBM Semeru Runtime Certified Edition at version 11) [124] => | [[IBM]] [125] => | {{yes}} [126] => | {{no}} [127] => | {{yes}} [128] => | {{no}} [129] => | {{yes}} [130] => |- [131] => ! {{rh}} | IBM Semeru Runtime Certified Edition{{cite web |url=https://developer.ibm.com/languages/java/semeru-runtimes/ |title=IBM Semeru Runtimes - IBM Developer |access-date=2021-08-03}} [132] => | [[IBM]] [133] => | {{yes}} [134] => | {{no}}{{cite web |url=https://developer.ibm.com/blogs/introducing-the-ibm-semeru-runtimes/ |title=Introducing the no-cost IBM Semeru Runtimes to develop and run Java applications |access-date=2021-09-23}} [135] => | {{yes}} [136] => | {{no}} [137] => | {{Optional}} (IBM) [138] => |- [139] => ! {{rh}} | IBM Semeru Runtime Open Edition{{cite web |url=https://developer.ibm.com/languages/java/semeru-runtimes/ |title=IBM Semeru Runtimes - IBM Developer |access-date=2021-08-03}} [140] => | [[IBM]] [141] => | {{yes}} [142] => | {{yes}} [143] => | {{no}} [144] => | {{no}} [145] => | {{Optional}} (IBM) [146] => |- [147] => ! {{rh}} | JetBrains Runtime{{cite web |url=https://confluence.jetbrains.com/display/JBR/JetBrains+Runtime |title=JetBrains Runtime - JetBrains Runtime - Confluence |access-date=2021-06-15}} [148] => | [[JetBrains]] [149] => | {{yes}} [150] => | {{yes}} [151] => | {{no}} [152] => | {{no}} [153] => | {{no}} [154] => |- [155] => ! {{rh}} | Microsoft Build of OpenJDK{{cite web |url=https://www.microsoft.com/openjdk |title=Microsoft Build of OpenJDK |website=[[Microsoft]] |access-date=2021-06-15}} [156] => | [[Microsoft]] [157] => | {{yes}} [158] => | {{yes}} [159] => | {{yes}} [160] => | {{no}} [161] => | {{optional}} (on Azure) [162] => |- [163] => ! {{rh}} | ojdkbuild{{cite web |url=https://github.com/ojdkbuild/ojdkbuild |title=ojdkbuild/ojdkbuild |website=[[GitHub]] |access-date=2020-07-10}}
(Discontinued) [164] => | [165] => | {{yes}} [166] => | {{yes}} [167] => | {{no}} [168] => | {{yes}} [169] => | {{no}} [170] => |- [171] => ! {{rh}} | OpenLogic OpenJDK{{cite web |url=https://www.openlogic.com/openjdk-downloads |title=OpenJDK Downloads|website=OpenLogic |access-date=2020-10-02}} [172] => | [[Perforce#Acquired_Rogue_Wave_Software_products_and_services|OpenLogic]] [173] => | {{yes}} [174] => | {{yes}} [175] => | {{no}}{{cn|reason=Reference needed if still valid|date=September 2023}} [176] => | {{no}} [177] => | {{Optional}} [178] => |- [179] => ! {{rh}} | GraalVM Community Edition{{cite web |url=https://www.graalvm.org/ |title=GraalVM |website=[[GraalVM]] |access-date=2021-06-15}} [180] => | [[GraalVM]] [181] => | {{no}}{{cn|reason=Reference needed if still valid|date=March 2022}} [182] => | {{yes}} [183] => | {{yes}} [184] => | {{no}} [185] => | {{no}} [186] => |- [187] => ! {{rh}} | Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition{{cite web |url=https://www.oracle.com/java/graalvm/ |title=GraalVM Enterprise |department=Oracle Technology Network |website=[[Oracle Corporation|Oracle]] |access-date=2021-04-27}} [188] => | [[Oracle Corporation|Oracle]] [189] => | {{yes}} [190] => | {{no}} [191] => | {{yes}} [192] => | {{no}} [193] => | {{yes}} [194] => |- [195] => ! {{rh}} | Oracle Java SE{{cite web |url=https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/ |title=Oracle Java Technologies |website=[[Oracle Corporation|Oracle]] |access-date=2022-09-17}} [196] => | [[Oracle Corporation|Oracle]] [197] => | {{yes}} [198] => | {{no}} [199] => | {{yes}} [200] => | {{no}} [201] => | {{yes}} [202] => |- [203] => ! {{rh}} | Oracle OpenJDK{{cite web |url=https://jdk.java.net/ |title=JDK Builds from Oracle |access-date=2022-09-17}} [204] => | [[Oracle Corporation|Oracle]] [205] => | {{no}}{{cite web |url=https://jdk.java.net/ |title=JDK Builds from Oracle |access-date=2022-09-17}} [206] => | {{yes}}{{cite web |url=https://openjdk.org/legal/gplv2+ce.html |title=OpenJDK: GPLv2 + Classpath Exception |access-date=2022-09-17}} [207] => | {{yes}} [208] => | {{no}}{{cite web |url=https://bugs.openjdk.java.net/browse/JDK-8215030 |title=[JDK-8215030] Disable shenandoah in Oracle builds |website=Java Bug System |access-date=2021-12-08 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209020013/https://bugs.openjdk.java.net/browse/JDK-8215030 |archive-date= Dec 9, 2021 }}{{cite web |url=https://developers.redhat.com/blog/2019/04/19/not-all-openjdk-12-builds-include-shenandoah-heres-why |title=Not all OpenJDK 12 builds include Shenandoah: Here's why|date=April 19, 2019 |access-date=2021-12-08}} [209] => | {{no}} [210] => |- [211] => ! {{rh}} | Red Hat build of OpenJDK{{cite web |url=https://developers.redhat.com/products/openjdk/overview |title=OpenJDK Overview |website=Red Hat Developer |access-date=2020-07-10}} [212] => | [[Red Hat]] [213] => | {{yes}} [214] => | {{yes}} [215] => | {{yes}} [216] => | {{no}} [217] => | {{yes}} [218] => |- [219] => ! {{rh}} | SAP SapMachine{{cite web |url=https://sap.github.io/SapMachine/ |title=An OpenJDK release maintained and supported by SAP |department=SapMachine |website=[[GitHub]] |access-date=2020-07-10}} [220] => | [[SAP]] [221] => | {{yes}} [222] => | {{yes}} [223] => | {{yes}} [224] => | {{no}} [225] => | {{optional}} (for SAP products) [226] => |- [227] => ! {{rh}} | Tencent KonaJDK [228] => | [[Tencent]] [229] => | {{yes}} [230] => | {{yes}} [231] => | {{yes}} [232] => | {{no}} [233] => | {{optional}} [234] => |} [235] => [236] => ==IcedTea and inclusion in software distributions== [237] => {{Main|IcedTea}} [238] => [239] => In order to bundle OpenJDK in [[Fedora (Linux distribution)|Fedora]] and other [[free software|free]] [[Linux]] distributions, OpenJDK needed to be buildable using only [[free software]] components. Due to the [[closed source|encumbered]] components in the [[Java Class Library|class library]] and implicit assumptions within the build system that the JDK being used to build OpenJDK was a Sun JDK, this was not possible. To achieve openness, [[Red Hat]] started the IcedTea project in June 2007. [240] => {{cite web [241] => | url=http://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/distro-pkg-dev/2007-June/000032.html [242] => | title=Credits [243] => | date=June 8, 2007 [244] => |last=Fitzsimmons|first=Thomas [245] => | access-date=June 8, 2007}} [246] => [247] => It began life as an OpenJDK/[[GNU Classpath]] hybrid that could be used to [[bootstrapping (compilers)|bootstrap]] OpenJDK, replacing the encumbrances with code from GNU Classpath.{{cite web [248] => | url=http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.java.openjdk.distro-packaging.devel/5 [249] => | title=Experimental Build Repository at icedtea.classpath.org [250] => | date=June 7, 2007 [251] => | last=Andrew [252] => | first=Haley [253] => | access-date=June 9, 2007 [254] => | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070820003552/http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.java.openjdk.distro-packaging.devel/5 [255] => | archive-date=August 20, 2007 [256] => | url-status=dead [257] => }}{{cite web [258] => | url=http://developer.classpath.org/pipermail/classpath/2007-June/002109.html [259] => | title=Experimental Build Repository at icedtea.classpath.org [260] => | last=Mark [261] => | first=Wielaard [262] => | date=June 7, 2007 [263] => | access-date=June 9, 2007 [264] => | archive-date=June 19, 2007 [265] => | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070619012918/http://developer.classpath.org/pipermail/classpath/2007-June/002109.html [266] => | url-status=dead [267] => }} [268] => [269] => On November 5, 2007, Red Hat signed both the Sun Contributor Agreement and the OpenJDK Community [[Technology Compatibility Kit|TCK]] License.{{cite web [270] => | url=http://home.businesswire.com/portal/site/google/index.jsp?ndmViewId=news_view&newsId=20071105005882&newsLang=en [271] => | title=Red Hat and Sun Collaborate to Advance Open Source Java Technology [272] => | publisher=[[Red Hat]] [273] => | date=November 5, 2007 [274] => | access-date=November 6, 2007 [275] => | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070825211213/http://home.businesswire.com/portal/site/google/index.jsp?ndmViewId=news_view [276] => | archive-date=August 25, 2007 [277] => | url-status=dead [278] => }} One of the first benefits of this agreement is tighter alignment with the IcedTea project, which brings together [[Fedora (Linux distribution)|Fedora]], the Linux distribution, and [[JBoss application server|JBoss]], the application server, technologies in a Linux environment. IcedTea provided free software alternatives for the few remaining proprietary sections in the OpenJDK project. [279] => [280] => In May 2008, the [[Fedora (operating system)|Fedora]] 9{{cite web [281] => | url=http://developer.redhatmagazine.com/2008/03/12/openjdk-to-replace-icedtea-in-fedora-9/ [282] => | title=OpenJDK in Fedora 9! [283] => | last=Wade [284] => | first=Karsten [285] => | publisher=redhatmagazine.com [286] => | quote=Thomas Fitzsimmons updated the Fedora 9 release notes source pages to reflect that Fedora 9 would ship with OpenJDK 6 instead of the IcedTea implementation of OpenJDK 7. Fedora 9 (Sulphur) is due to release in May 2008. [287] => | date=March 13, 2008 [288] => | access-date=April 5, 2008 [289] => | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080421100346/http://developer.redhatmagazine.com/2008/03/12/openjdk-to-replace-icedtea-in-fedora-9/ [290] => | archive-date=April 21, 2008 [291] => | url-status=dead [292] => }} [293] => {{cite web [294] => | url=http://www.sun.com/aboutsun/pr/2008-04/sunflash.20080430.1.xml [295] => | title=Open Source Java Technology Debuts In GNU/Linux Distributions [296] => | publisher=Sun Microsystems [297] => | access-date=May 2, 2008}} and [[Ubuntu (operating system)|Ubuntu 8.04]]{{cite web [298] => | url=https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/openjdk-6 [299] => | title=openjdk-6 in Ubuntu [300] => | access-date=April 19, 2008}} [301] => [302] => distributions included IcedTea 6, based completely on [[free software|free]] and [[Open-source software|open source]] code. [303] => {{cite web [304] => |url = http://blogs.sun.com/mr/entry/in_hardy_heron [305] => |title = There's not a moment to lose! [306] => |last = Reinhold [307] => |first = Mark [308] => |date = April 24, 2008 [309] => |access-date = April 19, 2008 [310] => |url-status = dead [311] => |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080429191849/http://blogs.sun.com/mr/entry/in_hardy_heron [312] => |archive-date = April 29, 2008 [313] => |df = mdy-all [314] => }} [315] => [[Fedora (Linux distribution)|Fedora 9]] was the first version to be shipped with IcedTea6, based on the OpenJDK6 sources from Sun rather than OpenJDK7. It was also the first to use OpenJDK for the package name (via the [http://openjdk.java.net/legal/openjdk-trademark-notice.html OpenJDK trademark agreement]) instead of IcedTea. [[Ubuntu (operating system)|Ubuntu]] also first packaged IcedTea7{{cite web [316] => | url=https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/icedtea-java7 [317] => | title=icedtea-java7 in Ubuntu [318] => | access-date=April 19, 2008}} before later moving to IcedTea6. Packages for IcedTea6 were also created for [[Debian]] and included in ''Lenny''. On July 12, 2008, [[Debian]] accepted OpenJDK-6 in unstable,{{cite web [319] => |url=http://robilad.livejournal.com/33750.html [320] => |title=QotD: Debian Overview of openjdk-6 source package [321] => |last=Topic|first=Dalibor [322] => |access-date=July 15, 2008 [323] => |date=July 14, 2008}} [324] => {{cite web [325] => |url=http://packages.qa.debian.org/o/openjdk-6.html [326] => |title=Overview of openjdk-6 source package [327] => |publisher=debian.org [328] => |access-date=July 15, 2008}} and it later was included in [[Debian#Package life cycle|stable]].{{cite web [329] => |url=http://packages.debian.org/stable/openjdk-6-jdk [330] => |title=Package: openjdk-6-jdk [331] => |publisher=debian.org [332] => |date=February 14, 2009 [333] => |access-date=February 16, 2009}} OpenJDK is also available on [[openSUSE]],{{cite web|url=http://en.opensuse.org/OpenJDK |title=Package: OpenJDK |publisher=opensuse.org |access-date=June 1, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090527021318/http://en.opensuse.org/OpenJDK |archive-date=May 27, 2009 }} [[Red Hat Enterprise Linux]] and RHEL derivatives such as [[CentOS]].{{cite web [334] => | url=http://openjdk.java.net/install/#epel [335] => | title=How to download and install prebuilt OpenJDK packages [336] => | access-date=March 3, 2010}} [337] => [338] => In June 2008, Red Hat announced that the packaged binaries for OpenJDK on [[Fedora (Linux distribution)|Fedora 9]], built using IcedTea 6, had passed the [[Technology Compatibility Kit]] tests and could claim to be a fully compatible Java 6 implementation.{{cite web [339] => |url = http://blog.softwhere.org/archives/196 [340] => |title = Java is finally Free and Open [341] => |date = June 19, 2008 [342] => |last = Sharples [343] => |first = Rich [344] => |url-status = dead [345] => |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080620065024/http://blog.softwhere.org/archives/196 [346] => |archive-date = June 20, 2008 [347] => |df = mdy-all [348] => }} [349] => In July 2009, an IcedTea 6 binary build for [[Ubuntu (operating system)|Ubuntu 9.04]] passed all of the compatibility tests in the Java SE 6 [[Technology Compatibility Kit|TCK]].[https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ubuntu-devel-announce/2009-July/000587.html Announcing OpenJDK 6 Certification for Ubuntu 9.04 (jaunty)] [350] => [351] => Since August 2008, OpenJDK 7 is usable on [[macOS]] and other [[Berkeley Software Distribution|BSD]] variants.{{cite web [352] => |url=http://landonf.bikemonkey.org/code/java/SoyLatte_Meets_OpenJDK.20080819.html [353] => |title=SoyLatte, Meet OpenJDK: OpenJDK 7 for Mac OS X [354] => |last=Fuller|first=Landon [355] => |access-date=August 22, 2008 [356] => |date=August 19, 2008}} [357] => [358] => [359] => On [[Android Nougat]], OpenJDK replaced the now-discontinued [[Apache Harmony]] as the Java libraries in the source code of the [[mobile operating system]]. [[Google]] was in a [[Oracle America, Inc. v. Google, Inc.|legal dispute with Oracle]] over claims of copyright and patent infringement through its use of re-implementations of copyrighted Java APIs via Harmony. While also stating that this change was to create a more consistent platform between Java on Android and other platforms, the company admitted that the switch was motivated by the lawsuit, arguing that Oracle had authorized its use of the OpenJDK code by licensing it under the GPL.{{cite web|title=Android N switches to OpenJDK, Google tells Oracle it is protected by the GPL|url=https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2016/01/android-n-switches-to-openjdk-google-tells-oracle-it-is-protected-by-the-gpl/|website=Ars Technica|date=January 6, 2016 |access-date=7 January 2016}} [360] => [361] => ==History== [362] => {{see also|Java (Sun)#Licensing}} [363] => [364] => ===Sun's promise and initial release=== [365] => [[Sun Microsystems|Sun]] announced in [[JavaOne|JavaOne 2006]] that Java would become open-source software,{{cite web|url=http://blogs.sun.com/roller/page/jonathan/200605#busy_week1 |title=Busy Week... |last=Schwartz |first=Jonathan |publisher=Sun Microsystems |date=May 23, 2006 |access-date=May 9, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060717164412/http://blogs.sun.com/roller/page/jonathan/200605 |archive-date=July 17, 2006 }}{{cite web|url=http://mediacast.sun.com/share/tmarble/Sun_Opens_Java.ogg |format=[[OGG Theora]] |title=Sun Opens Java |publisher=[[Sun Microsystems]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090319020035/http://mediacast.sun.com/share/tmarble/Sun_Opens_Java.ogg |archive-date=March 19, 2009 }} and on October 25, 2006, at the Oracle OpenWorld conference, [[Jonathan I. Schwartz|Jonathan Schwartz]] said that the company intended to announce the open-sourcing of the core [[Java Platform]] within 30 to 60 days.{{cite web [366] => | url= http://www.infoworld.com/d/developer-world/sun-ceo-sets-open-source-java-time-frame-558 [367] => | title = Sun CEO sets open source Java time frame - Announcement set for 30 to 60 days [368] => | publisher=[[InfoWorld]] [369] => | date = October 25, 2006 [370] => | access-date=2011-12-22}} [371] => [372] => Sun released the Java [[HotSpot (virtual machine)|HotSpot]] virtual machine and compiler as [[free software]] under the [[GNU General Public License]] on November 13, 2006, with a promise that the rest of the JDK (which includes the [[Java Runtime Environment]]) would be placed under the GPL by March 2007, "except for a few components that Sun does not have the right to publish in source form under the GPL".{{cite web [373] => | url= http://www.sun.com/2006-1113/feature/index.jsp [374] => | title = Sun Opens Java [375] => | publisher=Sun Microsystems [376] => | date = November 13, 2006 [377] => |access-date=May 9, 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070421151747/http://www.sun.com/2006-1113/feature/index.jsp |archive-date = April 21, 2007}} According to free-software advocate [[Richard Stallman]], this would end the "Java trap", the [[vendor lock-in]] that he argues applied to Java and programs written in Java.{{cite web | url=https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/java-trap.html | title=Free But Shackled—The Java Trap | last=Stallman | first=Richard | access-date=December 4, 2007}} [378] => [379] => ===Release of the class library=== [380] => Following their promise to release a [[Java Development Kit]] (JDK) based almost completely on free and open-source code in the first half of 2007,[http://www.sun.com/software/opensource/java/faq.jsp#b4 Oracle and Sun] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303230525/http://www.oracle.com/us/sun/index.htm#b4 |date=March 3, 2012 }}. Sun.com (2011-10-04). Retrieved on 2013-08-09. Sun released the complete [[source code]] of the Java Class Library under the GPL on May 8, 2007, except for some limited parts that had been licensed to Sun by third parties and Sun was unable to [[Software relicensing|re-license]] under the GPL.{{cite web [381] => | url= http://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/announce/2007-May.txt | title = Open JDK is here! [382] => | publisher=Sun Microsystems [383] => | date = May 8, 2007 [384] => | access-date=May 9, 2007}} Included in the list of encumbered parts were several major components of the Java [[graphical user interface]] (GUI). Sun stated that it planned to replace the remaining [[proprietary software|proprietary]] components with alternative implementations and to make the class library completely free. [385] => [386] => When initially released in May 2007, 4% of the OpenJDK class library remained proprietary.{{cite web [387] => | url=http://fitzsim.org/blog/?p=17 [388] => | title=Plans for OpenJDK [389] => | last=Fitzsimmons|first=Thomas [390] => | date=May 18, 2007 [391] => | access-date=May 22, 2007}} By the appearance of OpenJDK 6 in May 2008, less than 1% (the [[Simple Network Management Protocol|SNMP]] implementation, which is not part of the Java specification) remained, making it possible to build OpenJDK without any binary plugs.{{cite web [392] => |url=http://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/jdk6-dev/2008-May/000058.html [393] => |title=OpenJDK 6 b10 source posted [394] => |date=May 30, 2008 [395] => |access-date=June 1, 2008 [396] => }} The binary plug requirement was later dropped from OpenJDK 7 as part of b53 in April 2009.{{cite web [397] => |url = http://download.java.net/jdk7/changes/jdk7-b53.html [398] => |title = Changes in OpenJDK7 b53 [399] => |date = April 2, 2009 [400] => |access-date = September 5, 2009 [401] => |url-status = dead [402] => |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090406171143/http://download.java.net/jdk7/changes/jdk7-b53.html [403] => |archive-date = April 6, 2009 [404] => |df = mdy-all [405] => }} [406] => [407] => This was made possible, over the course of the first year, by the work of [[Sun Microsystems]] and the OpenJDK community. Each encumbrance{{cite web [408] => |url = http://weblogs.java.net/blog/robogeek/archive/2007/10/openjdk_encumbr.html [409] => |title = Plans for OpenJDK [410] => |last = Herron [411] => |first = David [412] => |date = October 4, 2007 [413] => |access-date = October 9, 2007 [414] => |url-status = dead [415] => |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071011014156/http://weblogs.java.net/blog/robogeek/archive/2007/10/openjdk_encumbr.html [416] => |archive-date = October 11, 2007 [417] => |df = mdy-all [418] => }} was either released as [[free and open-source software]] or replaced with an alternative. Beginning in December 2010, all the so-called ''binary plugs'' were replaced by [[open-source software|open-source]] replacements, making the whole JDK open sourced and the ''binary plugs'' not necessary anymore.{{cite web [419] => | url=http://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/build-dev/2010-December/003881.html [420] => | title=OpenJDK7 and OpenJDK6 Binary Plugs Logic Removed [421] => | author=Kelly O'Hair [422] => | publisher=[[Oracle Corporation]] [423] => | date=December 2010 [424] => | access-date=2011-11-25}} [425] => [426] => ===Community improvements=== [427] => On November 5, 2007, [[Red Hat]] announced an agreement with Sun, signing Sun's broad contributor agreement (which covers participation in all Sun-led free and open-source software projects by all Red Hat engineers) and Sun's OpenJDK Community [[Technology Compatibility Kit]] (TCK) License Agreement (which gives the company access to the test suite that determines whether a project based on OpenJDK complies with the Java SE 6 specification).[http://www.businesswire.com/portal/site/google/index.jsp?ndmViewId=news_view&newsId=20071105005882&newsLang=en Broad contributor agreement and TCK License pave way for a fully compatible, free and open-source Java Development Kit for Red Hat Enterprise Linux] [428] => [429] => Also in November 2007, the ''Porters Group'' was created on OpenJDK to aid in efforts to port OpenJDK to different [[microarchitecture|processor architectures]] and [[operating system]]s. The [[BSD]] porting project led by Kurt Miller and Greg Lewis and the [[Mac OS X]] porting project (based on the BSD one) led by Landon Fuller have expressed interest in joining OpenJDK via the Porters Group. As of January 2008, both are part of the mailing list discussions. Another project pending formalization on the Porters Group is the [[Haiku (operating system)|Haiku]] Java Team led by Bryan Varner.{{cite web|url=http://haiku-os.org/news/2008-01-03/new_java_for_haiku_team_formed|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080105150946/http://haiku-os.org/news/2008-01-03/new_java_for_haiku_team_formed|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 5, 2008|title=New java for haiku team formed|date=January 3, 2008|author=koki|publisher=Haiku}} [430] => [431] => In December 2007, Sun moved the [[revision control]] of OpenJDK from [[Sun WorkShop TeamWare|TeamWare]] to [[Mercurial]] (and later to [[Git]] and [[GitHub]]), as part of the process of releasing it to [[open-source software|open-source]] communities.{{cite interview [432] => | subject = [[James Gosling]] [433] => | interviewer = Robert Eckstein [434] => | url = http://java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/Interviews/gosling_os1_qa.html [435] => | title = James Gosling on Open Sourcing Sun's Java Platform Implementations, Part 1 [436] => |date=October 2006 [437] => }}{{cite web [438] => |last = O'Hair [439] => |first = Kelly [440] => |date = December 12, 2007 [441] => |title = Mercurial OpenJDK Questions [442] => |url = http://blogs.sun.com/kto/entry/mercurial_openjdk_questions [443] => |url-status = dead [444] => |archive-url = https://www.webcitation.org/6671inOnV?url=https://blogs.oracle.com/roller-ui/errors/404.jsp [445] => |archive-date = March 12, 2012 [446] => |df = mdy-all [447] => }} [448] => [449] => OpenJDK has comparatively strict procedures of accepting code contributions: every proposed contribution must be reviewed by another OpenJDK committer and the contributor must have signed the Sun/Oracle Contributor Agreement (SCA/OCA).{{cite web [450] => | url = http://oss.oracle.com/oca.pdf [451] => | title = Sun Microsystems Inc. Contributor Agreement}} Preferably, there should also be a [[JavaTest harness|jtreg]]{{cite web [452] => | url = http://openjdk.java.net/jtreg/ [453] => | title = Regression Test Harness for the OpenJDK platform: jtreg [454] => | access-date = August 26, 2008 [455] => }} test demonstrating the bug has been fixed. Initially, the external patch submission process was slow{{cite web [456] => | url = http://www.javalobby.org/java/forums/t98834.html [457] => | title = Classpath hackers frustrated with slow OpenJDK process [458] => | last = Tripp [459] => | first = Andy [460] => | date = July 16, 2007 [461] => | access-date = April 20, 2008 [462] => | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130717141329/http://www.javalobby.org/java/forums/t98834.html [463] => | archive-date = July 17, 2013 [464] => | url-status = dead [465] => }} and, until September 2008, commits to the [[codebase]] were only made by Sun engineers.{{cite web|url=http://kennke.org/blog/2008/09/29/a-small-step-for-me/ |title=A small step for me |last=Kennke |first=Roman |date=September 29, 2008 |access-date=October 19, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081003094214/http://kennke.org/blog/2008/09/29/a-small-step-for-me/ |archive-date=October 3, 2008 }} The process has improved and, {{as of|2010|lc=on}}, simple patches and backports from OpenJDK 7 to OpenJDK 6 can take place within hours rather than days.{{cite web [466] => | url = http://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/jdk6-dev/2010-June/001708.html [467] => | title = Backporting changeset from 7 to 6 for bugfix [468] => | last=Darcy|first=Joe [469] => | date = June 10, 2010}} [470] => [471] => In 2011, an unofficial port of OpenJDK 6.0 to OS/2 was first released.{{cite web|url=https://trac.netlabs.org/java|website=netlabs.org|access-date=2020-09-09|title=Java for OS/2 and OS/2-based systems}} This port is included in the OS/2 derivative [[ArcaOS]].{{cite web|url=https://www.arcanoae.com/wiki/arcaos/compatibility-subsystems/|title=Compatibility Subsystems|access-date=2020-09-09|website=arcanoae.com}} [472] => [473] => On 25 September 2013, Microsoft and [[Azul Systems]] collaborated to create Zulu,{{Cite web|title = Microsoft, Azul Bring OpenJDK to Windows Azure With 'Zulu'|url = http://www.eweek.com/developer/microsoft-azul-bring-openjdk-to-windows-azure-with-zulu.html|website = www.eweek.com|access-date = 2015-12-03}} a build of OpenJDK for users of the Windows Azure cloud. Zulu is available as a free download from the community site [http://zulu.org/ Zulu.org]. It is also possible to get Zulu on Amazon Web Services{{Cite web|title = Azul Zing goes live on Red Hat Enterprise Linux on Amazon Web Services {{!}} Financial Industry & Algorithmic Trading News {{!}} Automated Trader|url = http://www.automatedtrader.net/news/at/154682/azul-zing-goes-live-on-red-hat-enterprise-linux-on-amazon-web--services|website = www.automatedtrader.net|access-date = 2015-12-03}} via Canonical's Juju Charm Store,{{Cite web|title = Azul Systems Joins Canonical's Charm Partner Program|url = http://www.enterprisetech.com/2015/07/22/azul-systems-joins-canonicals-charm-partner-program/|website = EnterpriseTech|access-date = 2015-12-03}} the Docker Hub,{{Cite web|title = Azul Systems puts Java 8 into Docker containers for Linux users|url = http://www.v3.co.uk/v3-uk/news/2371497/azul-systems-puts-java-8-into-docker-containers-for-linux-users|website = www.v3.co.uk|access-date = 2015-12-03}} and Azul Systems repositories. Azul contributes bug fixes and enhancements back to the OpenJDK project and has several project committers on staff.{{Cite news|url=https://www.azul.com/products/zulu-and-zulu-enterprise/java-standards/|title=Java Standards: Essential for Your Business - Azul Systems, Inc.|work=Azul Systems, Inc.|access-date=2018-02-06|language=en-US}} Red Hat resigned leadership of OpenJDK 6 at the beginning of 2017 and this was then taken up by Azul Systems.{{cite mailing list |url=http://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/jdk6-dev/2016-October/003606.html |title=OpenJDK6 End Of Life |mailing-list=jdk6-dev |date=October 1, 2016 |last=Haley |first=Andrew |access-date=February 12, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702101259/http://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/jdk6-dev/2016-October/003606.html |archive-date=July 2, 2017 |url-status=live}}{{cite mailing list |url=http://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/jdk6-dev/2017-January/003614.html |title=New lead for the JDK 6 Project: Andrew Brygin |mailing-list=jdk6-dev |date=October 1, 2016 |last=Bell |first=Tim |access-date=February 19, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219175751/http://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/jdk6-dev/2017-January/003614.html |archive-date=February 19, 2018 |url-status=live}} [474] => [475] => Since April 2016 there are unsupported community builds of OpenJDK for [[Microsoft Windows]] on [[GitHub]] in the project [https://github.com/ojdkbuild/ojdkbuild ojdkbuild] which are released in pace with updates for [[Oracle Corporation|Oracle]] JDK. From build 8u151 on, the MSI-installer offers an optional component for using [[Java Web Start]] based on the [[IcedTea#IcedTea-Web|IcedTea-Web]] project. [476] => [477] => In 2020, a port of OpenJDK 8 to [[OpenVMS]] on the [[Itanium]] platform was released.{{cite web|url=https://vmssoftware.com/about/news/2020-06-10-openjdk-announcement/|title=New OpenJDK for OpenVMS announced|date=2020-06-10|website=vmssoftware.com|access-date=2020-09-09}} [478] => [479] => The number of external contributions to OpenJDK is growing since project inception. OpenJDK 11, released in September 2018, received 20% of external fixes{{cite web [480] => | url=https://blogs.oracle.com/java-platform-group/building-jdk-11-together [481] => | title=Building JDK 11 Together [482] => | author=Dalibor Topic [483] => | publisher=[[Oracle Corporation]] [484] => | date=October 2018 [485] => | access-date=2019-05-27}} and brought 17 new JEPs (features), out of which 3 were contributed by the community. Namely, JEP 315: "Improve Aarch64 Intrinsics" (contributed by [[BellSoft]]), JEP 318: "Epsilon: A No-Op Garbage Collector" (by Red Hat) and JEP 331: "Low-Overhead Heap Profiling" (contributed by Google).{{cite web [486] => | url=https://openjdk.java.net/projects/jdk/11/ [487] => | title=JDK 11 [488] => | author=Mark Reinhold [489] => | publisher=[[Oracle Corporation]] [490] => | date=October 2018 [491] => | access-date=2019-05-27}} [492] => [493] => ===Collaboration with IBM, Apple, and SAP=== [494] => On October 11, 2010, [[IBM]], by far the biggest participant in the [[Apache Harmony]] project, decided to join [[Oracle Corporation|Oracle]] on the OpenJDK project, effectively shifting its efforts from Harmony to OpenJDK.{{cite web [495] => | url=http://www.marketwire.com/press-release/Oracle-and-IBM-Collaborate-to-Accelerate-Java-Innovation-Through-OpenJDK-NASDAQ-ORCL-1332855.htm [496] => | title=Oracle and IBM Collaborate to Accelerate Java Innovation Through OpenJDK [497] => | publisher=[[Oracle Corporation]] [498] => | access-date=October 22, 2010}}{{cite web [499] => | url=https://arstechnica.com/open-source/news/2010/10/ibm-joins-openjdk-as-oracle-shuns-apache-harmony.ars [500] => | title=Java wars: IBM joins OpenJDK as Oracle shuns Apache Harmony [501] => |author=Ryan Paul [502] => | publisher=Ars Technica [503] => | access-date=October 22, 2010}} Bob Sutor, IBM's head of Linux and open source, blogged that "IBM will be shifting its development effort from the Apache Project Harmony to OpenJDK".{{cite web [504] => | url=http://www.sutor.com/c/2010/10/ibm-joins-the-openjdk-community/ [505] => | title=IBM joins the OpenJDK community, will help unify open source Java efforts [506] => | author=Bob Sutor [507] => | quote=IBM will be shifting its development effort from the Apache Project Harmony to OpenJDK. For others who wish to do the same, we’ll work together to make the transition as easy as possible. IBM will still be vigorously involved in other Apache projects. [508] => | access-date=October 22, 2010 [509] => | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101018160132/http://www.sutor.com/c/2010/10/ibm-joins-the-openjdk-community/ [510] => | archive-date=October 18, 2010 [511] => | url-status=dead [512] => }} [513] => [514] => On November 12, 2010, [[Apple Inc.]] (just three weeks after deprecating its own Java runtime port{{cite web [515] => | url=https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#releasenotes/Java/JavaSnowLeopardUpdate3LeopardUpdate8RN/NewandNoteworthy/NewandNoteworthy.html [516] => | title=Java for Mac OS X 10.6 Update 3 and 10.5 Update 8 Release Notes [517] => | date=October 20, 2010}}) and Oracle Corporation announced the OpenJDK project for Mac OS X. Apple will contribute most of the key components, tools and technology required for a Java SE 7 implementation on Mac OS X, including a 32-bit and 64-bit HotSpot-based Java virtual machine, class libraries, a networking stack and the foundation for a new graphical client.{{cite web [518] => | url=http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20101112005253/en/Oracle-Apple-Announce-OpenJDK-Project-Mac-OS [519] => | title=Oracle and Apple Announce OpenJDK Project for Mac OS X [520] => | publisher=[[Business Wire]] [521] => | date=November 12, 2010 [522] => | quote=Oracle and Apple today announced the OpenJDK project for Mac OS X. Apple will contribute most of the key components, tools and technology required for a Java SE 7 implementation on Mac OS X, including a 32-bit and 64-bit HotSpot-based Java virtual machine, class libraries, a networking stack and the foundation for a new graphical client. OpenJDK will make Apple’s Java technology available to open source developers so they can access and contribute to the effort. [523] => | access-date=2010-11-12}} [524] => [525] => On January 11, 2011, the Mac OS X Port Project was created on OpenJDK, and [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] made the first public contribution of code to the project. The initial Apple contribution built on the OpenJDK [[Berkeley Software Distribution|BSD]] port.{{cite web [526] => | url=http://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/macosx-port-dev/2011-January/000007.html [527] => | title=Announcing: OpenJDK for Mac OS X source repository, mailing list, project home [528] => | author=Mike Swingler ([[Apple Inc.|Apple]]) [529] => | publisher=OpenJDK [530] => | date=January 11, 2011 [531] => | quote=''I'm very happy to let you know that today we made the first public contribution of code to the OpenJDK project for Mac OS X. This initial contribution builds on the hard work of the BSD port, and initially has the same functionality. Today's contribution simply modifies the build process to create universal binary, and produces a .jdk bundle which is recognized by Java Preferences and the JVM detection logic in Mac OS X.'' [532] => | access-date=2010-11-12}} [533] => [534] => In July 2011, [[SAP AG]] announced that SAP officially joined the OpenJDK project.{{cite web [535] => | url=http://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/discuss/2011-July/001982.html [536] => | title=SAP joins the OpenJDK [537] => | author=Volker Simonis ([[SAP AG]]) [538] => | publisher=OpenJDK [539] => | date=July 14, 2011 [540] => | quote=''I'm really happy that as of today, SAP has signed the Oracle Contributor Agreement (OCA). This means that with immediate effect the SAP JVM developers can officially join the discussions on the various OpenJDK mailing lists and contribute patches and enhancements to the project.'' [541] => | access-date=2010-11-12}} [542] => [543] => ==See also== [544] => *[[Free Java implementations]] [545] => [546] => ==References== [547] => {{reflist}} [548] => [549] => ==External links== [550] => *[http://openjdk.java.net/ Main site] [551] => *[http://jdk.java.net/ OpenJDK builds from Oracle] [552] => *[https://adoptium.net OpenJDK builds from Adoptium] [553] => *[https://developers.redhat.com/products/openjdk/overview/ OpenJDK builds from Red Hat] [554] => *[https://www.microsoft.com/openjdk Microsoft Build of OpenJDK] [555] => *"[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wHoRBvt3U6o Java in 2018: Change is the Only Constant Keynote by Mark Reinhold]" on YouTube [556] => *"[https://web.archive.org/web/20090531095111/http://today.java.net/pub/a/today/2009/05/21/zero-and-shark-openjdk-port.html Zero and Shark: a Zero-Assembly Port of OpenJDK]" by Gary Benson, May 21, 2009, at java.net [557] => *[http://hg.openjdk.java.net/ OpenJDK official source code] [558] => [559] => {{Java (software platform)}} [560] => {{Java Virtual Machine}} [561] => {{Oracle FOSS}} [562] => {{Portal bar|Free and open-source software|Computer programming}} [563] => [564] => [[Category:Free software programmed in C++]] [565] => [[Category:Free software programmed in Java (programming language)]] [566] => [[Category:Free virtualization software]] [567] => [[Category:Java (programming language)]] [568] => [[Category:Java (programming language) libraries]] [569] => [[Category:Java virtual machine]] [570] => [[Category:Oracle software]] [] => )
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OpenJDK

OpenJDK (Open Java Development Kit) is a free and open-source implementation of the Java Platform, Standard Edition (Java SE). It is sponsored by the Oracle Corporation and is a collaboration between several companies and individuals under the OpenJDK Community.

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It is sponsored by the Oracle Corporation and is a collaboration between several companies and individuals under the OpenJDK Community. The main goal of OpenJDK is to provide a reliable, secure, and efficient platform for developing and running Java programs. OpenJDK was first released in 2006 as an open-source project, with the source code being made available under the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2, with the Classpath Exception. It has since become the reference implementation of Java SE, with its source code serving as the basis for various other Java development kits and runtimes. The OpenJDK project consists of several components, including a Java Development Kit (JDK) that contains all the tools needed for Java development, a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) that executes Java bytecode, and various libraries and APIs that provide functionality for developers. The project also includes a number of specialized tools and utilities for monitoring and analyzing the performance of Java applications. OpenJDK is supported on a wide range of platforms, including Linux, macOS, and Windows. It is also available for various architectures, including x86, ARM, and SPARC. The project encourages community involvement and contributions, with a transparent development process and an active mailing list and bug tracker for reporting and discussing issues. OpenJDK has gained significant popularity and adoption since its inception, with many companies and organizations using it as their Java development platform. It has also received positive reviews for its performance, reliability, and security. Additionally, it has facilitated the development of various Java-based technologies and frameworks, including the Apache Maven build system and the Jakarta EE platform. Overall, OpenJDK is a crucial component of the Java ecosystem, providing a high-quality, open-source implementation of the Java SE platform that is widely used for developing and running Java applications.

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