Array ( [0] => {{Short description|Free knowledge database project}} [1] => {{distinguish|WibiData}} [2] => {{for|Wikipedia's information page on Wikidata|Wikipedia:Wikidata|selfref=true}} [3] => {{Primary sources|date=December 2020}} [4] => {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}} [5] => {{Infobox website [6] => | logo = Wikidata-logo-en.svg [7] => | logo_alt = Logo of Wikidata, a bar code with red, green, and blue stripes [8] => | collapsible = yes [9] => | screenshot = Wikidata main page screenshot.png [10] => | caption = Main page of Wikidata in April 2021 [11] => | url = {{Official URL}} {{Wikidata|references|linked|P407}} [12] => | commercial = No [13] => | type = {{hlist|class=nowrap |[[Knowledge base]] |[[Wiki]]}} [14] => | registration = Optional [15] => | language = Multiple languages [16] => | owner = [[Wikimedia Foundation]] [17] => | editor = {{Wikidata|properties|linked|references|linked|P50}} [18] => | author = [19] => | name = Wikidata [20] => | location = [21] => | launch_date = {{start date and age|2012|10|29|df=y}}{{Wikidata|references|P571}} [22] => }} [23] => [24] => '''Wikidata''' is a [[Wiki|collaboratively edited]] multilingual [[knowledge graph]] hosted by the [[Wikimedia Foundation]].{{Cite news|last=Chalabi|first=Mona|date=April 26, 2013|title=Welcome to Wikidata! Now what?|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch|access-date=October 2, 2021|archive-date=2 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211002152920/https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2013/apr/26/wikidata-launch|url-status=live}} It is a common source of [[open data]] that Wikimedia projects such as [[Wikipedia]],{{cite web |url=http://www.wikimedia.de/wiki/Pressemitteilungen/PM_3_12_Wikidata_EN |title=Data Revolution for Wikipedia |date=March 30, 2012 |publisher=Wikimedia Deutschland |access-date=September 11, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023170149/http://www.wikimedia.de/wiki/Pressemitteilungen/PM_3_12_Wikidata_EN |archive-date=October 23, 2012 |url-status=live}} and anyone else, is able to use under the [[CC0]] [[public domain]] license. Wikidata is a wiki powered by the software [[MediaWiki]], including its extension for [[semi-structured data]], the [[Wikibase]]. As of early 2023, Wikidata had 1.54 billion item statements ([[semantic triple]]).{{Cite web |title=Grafana |url=https://grafana.wikimedia.org/d/000000175/wikidata-datamodel-statements?orgId=1&refresh=30m |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=grafana.wikimedia.org}} [25] => [26] => == Concept == [27] => [[File:Datamodel in Wikidata.svg|thumb|upright=2.74|center|{{center|This diagram shows the most important terms used in Wikidata.}}]] [28] => [29] => Wikidata is a [[document-oriented database]], focusing on items, which represent any kind of topic, concept, or object. Each item is allocated a unique, [[persistent identifier]], a positive integer prefixed with the upper-case letter Q, known as a "QID". Q is the starting letter of the first name of Qamarniso Vrandečić (née Ismoilova), an Uzbek Wikimedian married to the Wikidata co-developer [[Denny Vrandečić]].{{cite book |last1=Vrandečić |first1=Denny |last2=Pintscher |first2=Lydia |last3=Krötzsch |first3=Markus |title=Companion Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2023 |chapter=Wikidata: The Making of |date=30 April 2023 |pages=615–624 |chapter-url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3543873.3585579 |doi=10.1145/3543873.3585579|isbn=9781450394192 |s2cid=258377705 }} This enables the basic information required to identify the topic that the item covers to be translated without favouring any language. [30] => [31] => Examples of items include {{Wikidata entity link|Q8470}}, {{Wikidata entity link|Q316}}, {{Wikidata entity link|Q42775}}, {{Wikidata entity link|Q303}}, and {{Wikidata entity link|Q36611}}. [32] => [33] => Item labels do not need to be unique. For example, there are two items named "Elvis Presley": {{Wikidata entity link|Q303}}, which represents [[Elvis Presley|the American singer and actor]], and {{Wikidata entity link|Q610926}}, which represents his [[Elvis Presley (album)|self-titled album]]. However, the combination of a label and its description must be unique. To avoid ambiguity, an item's unique identifier (''QID'') is hence linked to this combination. [34] => [35] => === Main parts === [36] => [[File:Wikidata layout Phase I.png|alt=Wikidata screenshot|center|700px|thumb|

A layout of the four main components of a phase-1 Wikidata page: the label, description, aliases, and interlanguage links]] [37] => [38] => Fundamentally, an item consists of: [39] => [40] => * An [[identifier]] (the QID), related to a label and a description. [41] => * Optionally, multiple aliases and some number of statements (and their properties and values). [42] => [43] => === Statements === [44] => [[Image:Wikidata statements Mars.png|alt=Wikidata screenshot|thumb|700px|center|Three statements from [[Wikidata:Q111|Wikidata's item on the planet Mars]] (Q111). Values include links to other items and to [[Wikimedia Commons]].]] [45] => [46] => Statements are how any information known about an item is recorded in Wikidata. Formally, they consist of [[attribute–value pair|key–value pairs]], which match a ''property'' (such as "author", or "publication date") with one or more entity ''values'' (such as "[[Sir Arthur Conan Doyle]]" or "1902"). For example, the informal English statement "milk is white" would be encoded by a statement pairing the property {{Wikidata entity link|P462}} with the value {{Wikidata entity link|Q23444}} under the item {{Wikidata entity link|Q8495}}. [47] => [48] => Statements may map a property to more than one value. For example, the "occupation" property for [[Marie Curie]] could be linked with the values "physicist" and "chemist", to reflect the fact that she engaged in both occupations.{{cite web|url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Help:Statements|title=Help:Statements – Wikidata|website=www.wikidata.org|access-date=20 February 2019|archive-date=25 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190325054926/https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Help:Statements|url-status=live}} [49] => [50] => Values may take on many types including other Wikidata items, strings, numbers, or media files. Properties prescribe what types of values they may be paired with. For example, the property {{Wikidata entity link|P856}} may only be paired with values of type "URL".{{cite web|url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Help:Data_type|title=Help:Data type – Wikidata|website=www.wikidata.org|access-date=20 February 2019|archive-date=23 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323184623/https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Help:Data_type|url-status=live}} [51] => [52] => Optionally, ''qualifiers'' can be used to refine the meaning of a statement by providing additional information. For example, a "population" statement could be modified with a qualifier such as "point in time (P585): 2011" (as its own key-value pair). Values in the statements may also be annotated with ''references'', pointing to a source backing up the statement's content.{{cite web|url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Help:Sources|title=Help:Sources – Wikidata|website=www.wikidata.org|access-date=20 February 2019|archive-date=17 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417231251/https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Help:Sources|url-status=live}} As with statements, all qualifiers and references are property–value pairs. [53] => [54] => === Properties === [55] => [[File:Wikidata - simple statement.svg|thumb|center|500px|Example of a simple statement consisting of one property–value pair]] [56] => [57] => Each property has a numeric identifier prefixed with a capital P and a page on Wikidata with optional label, description, aliases, and statements. As such, there are properties with the sole purpose of describing other properties, such as {{Wikidata entity link|P1647}}. [58] => [59] => Properties may also define more complex rules about their intended usage, termed ''constraints''. For example, the {{Wikidata entity link|P36}} property includes a "single value constraint", reflecting the reality that (typically) territories have only one capital city. Constraints are treated as testing alerts and hints, rather than inviolable rules.{{cite web|url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Help:Property_constraints_portal|title=Help:Property constraints portal|website=Wikidata|access-date=20 February 2019|archive-date=1 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190601180538/https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Help:Property_constraints_portal|url-status=live}} [60] => [61] => Before a new property is created, it needs to undergo a discussion process.{{cite web|url=https://openpreservation.org/blogs/wikidata-as-a-digital-preservation-knowledgebase/|title=Wikidata as a digital preservation knowledgebase|last=Cochrane|first=Euan|date=30 September 2016|website=openpreservation.org|access-date=5 January 2022|archive-date=5 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220105110113/https://openpreservation.org/blogs/wikidata-as-a-digital-preservation-knowledgebase/|url-status=live}}{{cite conference |last=Samuel |first=John |title=Experimental IR Meets Multilinguality, Multimodality, and Interaction |chapter=Analyzing and Visualizing Translation Patterns of Wikidata Properties |series=Lecture Notes in Computer Science |book-title=Experimental IR Meets Multilinguality, Multimodality, and Interaction |conference=[[Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum|CLEF]] 2018 |date=15 August 2018 |volume=11018 |page=129 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-98932-7_12 |isbn=978-3-319-98931-0 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hD5qDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA129}} [62] => [63] => The most used property is {{Wikidata entity link|P2860}}, which is used on more than {{formatnum:290000000}} item pages {{as of|2023|11|lc=y|post=.}}{{cite web|url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Database_reports/List_of_properties/Top100|title=Wikidata:Database reports/List of properties/Top100|accessdate=18 November 2023|archive-date=24 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230224212120/https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Database_reports/List_of_properties/Top100|url-status=live}} [64] => [65] => === Lexemes === [66] => In [[linguistics]], a [[lexeme]] is a unit of [[Lexical semantics|lexical]] meaning. Similarly, Wikidata's ''lexemes'' are items with a structure that makes them more suitable to store [[Lexicography|lexicographical]] data. Besides storing the language to which the lexeme refers, they have a section for ''forms'' and a section for ''senses''.{{cite web|url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Lexicographical_data/Documentation|title=Wikidata:Lexicographical data/Documentation – Wikidata|website=www.wikidata.org|access-date=13 November 2018|archive-date=13 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181113210533/https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Lexicographical_data/Documentation|url-status=live}} [67] => [68] => === Entity Schemas === [69] => In January 2019, development started of a new extension for MediaWiki to enable storing [[ShEx|Shape Expressions]] in a separate namespace.{{cite web |url=https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:EntitySchema |access-date=10 September 2021 |website=mediawiki.org |title=Extension:EntitySchema – MediaWiki |archive-date=25 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625050439/https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:EntitySchema |url-status=live }}{{cite web|url=https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/plugins/gitiles/mediawiki/extensions/EntitySchema/+/26654db17345beefbd5518af48ed1bcd17288bc9|title=Initial empty repository|website=Gerrit|date=15 January 2019|access-date=12 June 2022|archive-date=19 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319091240/https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/plugins/gitiles/mediawiki/extensions/EntitySchema/+/26654db17345beefbd5518af48ed1bcd17288bc9|url-status=live}} [70] => [71] => This extension has since been installed on Wikidata{{cite web |url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:Version |access-date=10 September 2021 |website=Wikidata.org |title=Version – Wikidata |archive-date=19 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019080834/https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:Version |url-status=live }} and enables contributors to use Shape Expressions for validating and describing Resource Description Framework data in items and lexemes. Any item or lexeme on Wikidata can be validated against an Entity Schema,{{Clarify|date=March 2024|reason=What is an Entity Schema?}} and this makes it an important tool for quality assurance. [72] => [73] => ==Content== [74] => [[File:Wikidata content 2024.svg|thumb|right|300px|Items for scholarly articles are the biggest part of Wikidata, followed by the collection of biographies]] [75] => Wikidata's content collections include data for biographies,{{cite journal |last1=Chisholm |first1=Andrew |last2=Radford |first2=Will |last3=Hachey |first3=Ben |title=Learning to generate one-sentence biographies from Wikidata |date=2017 |arxiv=1702.06235}} medicine,{{cite journal |last1=Turki |first1=Houcemeddine |last2=Shafee |first2=Thomas |last3=Hadj Taieb |first3=Mohamed Ali |last4=Ben Aouicha |first4=Mohamed |last5=Vrandečić |first5=Denny |last6=Das |first6=Diptanshu |last7=Hamdi |first7=Helmi |title=Wikidata: A large-scale collaborative ontological medical database |journal=Journal of Biomedical Informatics |date=November 2019 |volume=99 |pages=103292 |doi=10.1016/j.jbi.2019.103292|url=https://zenodo.org/record/3461198 }} digital humanities,{{cite journal |last1=Zhao |first1=Fudie |title=A systematic review of Wikidata in Digital Humanities projects |journal=Digital Scholarship in the Humanities |date=31 May 2023 |volume=38 |issue=2 |pages=852–874 |doi=10.1093/llc/fqac083|doi-access=free }} scholarly metadata through the WikiCite project.{{cite book |last1=Nielsen |first1=Finn Årup |last2=Mietchen |first2=Daniel |last3=Willighagen |first3=Egon |title=Scholia, Scientometrics and Wikidata |journal=The Semantic Web: ESWC 2017 Satellite Events |series=Lecture Notes in Computer Science |date=2017 |volume=10577 |pages=237–259 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-70407-4_36|isbn=978-3-319-70406-7 |url=https://backend.orbit.dtu.dk/ws/files/139322959/460065_Print.pdf }} [76] => [77] => It includes data collections from other open projects including [[Freebase (database)]].{{cite journal |last1=Pellissier Tanon |first1=Thomas |last2=Vrandečić |first2=Denny |last3=Schaffert |first3=Sebastian |last4=Steiner |first4=Thomas |last5=Pintscher |first5=Lydia |title=From Freebase to Wikidata: The Great Migration |date=11 April 2016 |pages=1419–1428 |doi=10.1145/2872427.2874809}} [78] => [79] => == Development == [80] => The creation of the project was funded by donations from the [[Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence]], the [[Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation]], and [[Google, Inc.]], totaling [[Euro|€]]1.3 million.{{cite news |title=Paul Allen Invests In A Massive Project To Make Wikipedia Better |first=Boonsri |last=Dickinson |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/paul-allen-invests-in-wikidata-project-2012-3?IR=T |newspaper=Business Insider |date=March 30, 2012 |access-date=September 11, 2012 |archive-date=23 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223215904/http://www.businessinsider.com/paul-allen-invests-in-wikidata-project-2012-3?IR=T |url-status=live }}{{cite news |title=Wikipedia's Next Big Thing: Wikidata, A Machine-Readable, User-Editable Database Funded By Google, Paul Allen And Others |first=Sarah |last=Perez |url=https://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ |newspaper=TechCrunch |date=March 30, 2012 |access-date=September 11, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121005062200/http://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-machine-readable-user-editable-database-funded-by-google-paul-allen-and-others/ |archive-date=October 5, 2012 |url-status=live}} The development of the project is mainly driven by [[Wikimedia Deutschland]] under the management of [[Lydia Pintscher]], and was originally split into three phases:{{cite web|url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikidata|title=Wikidata – Meta|website=meta.wikimedia.org|access-date=8 November 2015|archive-date=7 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120407213951/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikidata|url-status=live}} [81] => # Centralising interlanguage links – links between Wikipedia articles about the same topic in different languages. [82] => # Providing a central place for [[infobox]] data for all Wikipedias. [83] => # Creating and updating list articles based on data in Wikidata and linking to other Wikimedia sister projects, including [[Meta-Wiki]] and the own Wikidata (interwikilinks). [84] => [85] => === Initial rollout === [86] => {| class="wikitable" [87] => |+ [88] => |width=50%| [[Image:Interlanguage links prior to Wikidata.png|alt=Wikipedia screenshot|thumb|center|300px|

A Wikipedia article's list of interlanguage links as they appeared in an edit box (left) and on the article's page (right) ''prior'' to Wikidata. Each link in these lists is to an article that requires its own list of interlanguage links to the other articles; this is the information centralized by Wikidata.]] [89] => | [90] => |width=50%|[[Image:Interlanguage links provided by WikiData.png|alt=Wikidata screenshot|thumb|center|300px|The "Edit links" link ''nowadays'' takes the reader to Wikidata to edit interlanguage and interwiki links.]] [91] => |} [92] => [93] => Wikidata was launched on 29 October 2012 and was the first new project of the Wikimedia Foundation since 2006.[http://www.wikidata.org Wikidata] ({{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029223351/http://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page |date=29 October 2012 }}){{cite mailing list |url=http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata-l/2012-October/001151.html |title=wikidata.org is live (with some caveats) |date=October 30, 2012 |access-date=November 3, 2012 |mailing-list=wikidata-l |last=Pintscher |first=Lydia}}{{cite news |title=The Wikipedia data revolution |first=Matthew |last=Roth |url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2012/03/30/the-wikipedia-data-revolution/ |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation |date=March 30, 2012 |access-date=September 11, 2012 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6AbXpnJB6?url=https://diff.wikimedia.org/2012/03/30/the-wikipedia-data-revolution/ |archive-date=September 11, 2012 |url-status=live}} At this time, only the centralization of language links was available. This enabled items to be created and filled with basic information: a label – a name or title, aliases – alternative terms for the label, a description, and links to articles about the topic in all the various language editions of Wikipedia (interwikipedia links). [94] => [95] => Historically, a Wikipedia article would include a list of interlanguage links (links to articles on the same topic in other editions of Wikipedia, if they existed). Wikidata was originally a self-contained [[Repository (version control)|repository]] of interlanguage links.{{Cite book|last=Leitch|first=Thomas|author-link=Thomas Leitch|title=Wikipedia U: Knowledge, Authority, and Liberal Education in the Digital Age|date=2014-11-01|publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Press]]|isbn=978-1-4214-1550-5|language=en|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=lUxjBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA120 120]}} Wikipedia language editions were still not able to access Wikidata, so they needed to continue to maintain their own lists of interlanguage links.{{Citation needed|date=June 2020}} [96] => [97] => On 14 January 2013, the [[Hungarian Wikipedia]] became the first to enable the provision of interlanguage links via Wikidata.{{cite web |url=http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/01/14/first-steps-of-wikidata-in-the-hungarian-wikipedia/ |title=First steps of Wikidata in the Hungarian Wikipedia |publisher=Wikimedia Deutschland |date=14 January 2013 |access-date=17 December 2015 |author=Pintscher, Lydia |archive-date=14 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151214085628/https://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/01/14/first-steps-of-wikidata-in-the-hungarian-wikipedia/ |url-status=live }} This functionality was extended to the [[Hebrew Wikipedia|Hebrew]] and [[Italian Wikipedia|Italian]] Wikipedias on 30 January, to the [[English Wikipedia]] on 13 February and to all other Wikipedias on 6 March.{{cite web |url=http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/01/30/wikidata-coming-to-the-next-two-wikipedias/ |title=Wikidata coming to the next two Wikipedias |publisher=Wikimedia Deutschland |access-date=January 31, 2013 |author=Pintscher, Lydia |date=2013-01-30 |archive-date=4 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181004022937/http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/01/30/wikidata-coming-to-the-next-two-wikipedias/ |url-status=live }}{{cite web |url=http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/02/13/wikidata-live-on-the-english-wikipedia/ |title=Wikidata live on the English Wikipedia |publisher=Wikimedia Deutschland |date=13 February 2013 |access-date=15 February 2013 |author=Pintscher, Lydia |archive-date=19 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130219054033/http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/02/13/wikidata-live-on-the-english-wikipedia/ |url-status=live }}{{cite web |url=http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/03/06/wikidata-now-live-on-all-wikipedias/ |title=Wikidata now live on all Wikipedias |publisher=Wikimedia Deutschland |date=6 March 2013 |access-date=8 March 2013 |author=Pintscher, Lydia |archive-date=14 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130414150512/http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/03/06/wikidata-now-live-on-all-wikipedias/ |url-status=live }}{{cite news |url=http://www.golem.de/news/onlineenzyklopaedie-wikidata-ist-fuer-alle-wikipedien-da-1304-98941.html |title=Wikidata ist für alle Wikipedien da |publisher=Golem.de |language=de |access-date=29 January 2014 |archive-date=6 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106213849/https://www.golem.de/news/onlineenzyklopaedie-wikidata-ist-fuer-alle-wikipedien-da-1304-98941.html |url-status=live }} After no consensus was reached over a proposal to restrict the removal of language links from the English Wikipedia,{{cite web |url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_talk:Wikidata_interwiki_RFC&oldid=547663432 |title=Wikipedia talk:Wikidata interwiki RFC |date=March 29, 2013 |access-date=March 30, 2013 |archive-date=18 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211018115922/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_talk%3AWikidata_interwiki_RFC&oldid=547663432 |url-status=live }} they were automatically removed by [[Wikipedia bot|bot]]s. On 23 September 2013, interlanguage links went live on Wikimedia Commons.{{cite news|last1=Pintscher|first1=Lydia|title=Wikidata is Here!|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Village_pump/Archive/2013/10#Wikidata_is_here.21|publisher=[[c:Commons:Village pump|Commons:Village pump]]|date=23 September 2013|access-date=30 August 2016|archive-date=6 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206060438/https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Village_pump/Archive/2013/10#Wikidata_is_here.21|url-status=live}} [98] => [99] => === Statements and data access === [100] => On 4 February 2013, statements were introduced to Wikidata entries. The possible values for properties were initially limited to two data types (items and images on Wikimedia Commons), with more [[data type]]s (such as [[Coordinate system|coordinates]] and dates) to follow later. The first new type, string, was deployed on 6 March.{{cite web|last=Pintscher|first=Lydia|title=Wikidata/Status updates/2013 03 01|url=http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikidata/Status_updates/2013_03_01|work=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki|publisher=Wikimedia Foundation|access-date=3 March 2013|archive-date=12 April 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130412004917/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikidata/Status_updates/2013_03_01|url-status=live}} [101] => [102] => The ability for the various language editions of Wikipedia to access data from Wikidata was rolled out progressively between 27 March and 25 April 2013.{{cite web |last=Pintscher |first=Lydia |title=You can have all the data! |url=http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/03/27/you-can-have-all-the-data/ |publisher=Wikimedia Deutschland |date=27 March 2013 |access-date=28 March 2013 |archive-date=29 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130329234058/http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/03/27/you-can-have-all-the-data/ |url-status=live }}{{cite news |title=Wikidata goes live worldwide |publisher=The H |url=http://h-online.com/-1849479 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140101031329/http://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/Wikidata-goes-live-worldwide-1849479.html | archive-date=1 January 2014 | date=2013-04-25 }} On 16 September 2015, Wikidata began allowing so-called ''arbitrary access'', or access from a given article of a Wikipedia to the statements on Wikidata items not directly connected to it. For example, it became possible to read data about Germany from the Berlin article, which was not feasible before.{{cite news|last1=Pintscher|first1=Lydia|title=Wikidata: Access to data from arbitrary items is here|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump_(technical)/Archive_140#Wikidata:_Access_to_data_from_arbitrary_items_is_here|access-date=30 August 2016|date=16 September 2015|publisher=[[Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)]]|archive-date=27 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927063804/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump_(technical)/Archive_140#Wikidata:_Access_to_data_from_arbitrary_items_is_here|url-status=live}} On 27 April 2016 arbitrary access was activated on Wikimedia Commons.{{cite news|last1=Pintscher|first1=Lydia|title=Wikidata support: arbitrary access is here|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Village_pump/Archive/2016/05#Wikidata_support:_arbitrary_access_is_here|access-date=30 August 2016|date=27 April 2016|publisher=[[c:Commons:Village pump|Commons:Village pump]]|archive-date=5 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205224443/https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Village_pump/Archive/2016/05#Wikidata_support:_arbitrary_access_is_here|url-status=live}} [103] => [104] => According to a 2020 study, a large proportion of the data on Wikidata consists of entries imported en masse from other databases by [[Internet bot]]s, which helps to "break down the walls" of [[Information silo|data silo]]s.{{Cite Q|Q87830400|author1=Waagmeester, Andra|author2=Stupp, Gregory|author3=Burgstaller-Muehlbacher, Sebastian|author4=Good, Benjamin M|author5=Griffith, Malachi|author6=Griffith, Obi L|author7=Hanspers, Kristina|author8=Hermjakob, Henning|author9=Hudson, Toby S|author10=Hybiske, Kevin|author11-Keating, Sarah M|doi-access=free}} [105] => [106] => === Query service and other improvements === [107] => On 7 September 2015, the [[Wikimedia Foundation]] announced the release of the Wikidata Query Service,{{cite web |url=https://query.wikidata.org/ |title=Home |website=query.wikidata.org |access-date=30 January 2019 |archive-date=7 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107202911/https://query.wikidata.org/ |url-status=live }} which lets users run queries on the data contained in Wikidata.{{cite web|url=https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2015-September/007042.html|title=[Wikidata] Announcing the release of the Wikidata Query Service - Wikidata - lists.wikimedia.org|access-date=13 November 2018|archive-date=10 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151110040230/https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2015-September/007042.html|url-status=live}} The service uses [[SPARQL]] as the query language. As of November 2018, there are at least 26 different tools that allow querying the data in different ways.{{cite web|url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Tools/Query_data|title=Wikidata:Tools/Query data – Wikidata|website=www.wikidata.org|access-date=13 November 2018|archive-date=31 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200531044004/https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Tools/Query_data|url-status=live}} It uses [[Blazegraph]] as its [[triplestore]] and [[graph database]].{{cite web|url=https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata-tech/2015-March/000740.html|title={{Square bracket open}}Wikidata-tech{{Square bracket close}} Wikidata Query Backend Update (take two!)|language=en|website=lists.wikimedia.org|accessdate=2018-08-29|archive-date=6 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210106191817/https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata-tech/2015-March/000740.html|url-status=live}} (The message also contains a link to the graph databases comparison performed by Wikimedia.){{GitHub |blazegraph/database/issues/86}} [108] => [109] => In 2021 [[Wikimedia Deutschland]] released the Query Builder,{{Cite web|url=https://query.wikidata.org/querybuilder/|title=Wikidata Query Builder|website=query.wikidata.org}} "a form-based query builder to allow people who don't know how to use SPARQL to" write a query. [110] => [111] => === Logo === [112] => The bars on the [[:File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|logo]] contain the word "WIKI" encoded in [[Morse code]].[[commons:File talk:Wikidata-logo-en.svg#Hybrid]]. Retrieved 2016-10-06. It was created by Arun Ganesh and selected through community decision.{{cite web|url=https://blog.wikimedia.de/2012/07/13/und-der-gewinner-ist/|title=Und der Gewinner ist...|date=13 July 2012|access-date=16 June 2020|archive-date=21 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121061656/https://blog.wikimedia.de/2012/07/13/und-der-gewinner-ist/|url-status=live}} [113] => [114] => == Reception == [115] => In November 2014, Wikidata received the Open Data Publisher Award from the [[Open Data Institute]] "for sheer scale, and built-in openness".{{cite web|url=http://theodi.org/news/first-odi-open-data-awards-presented-by-sir-tim-berners-lee-and-sir-nigel-shadbolt|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160324003214/http://theodi.org/news/first-odi-open-data-awards-presented-by-sir-tim-berners-lee-and-sir-nigel-shadbolt|archive-date=2016-03-24|title=First ODI Open Data Awards presented by Sirs Tim Berners-Lee and Nigel Shadbolt}} [116] => [117] => In December 2014, Google announced that it would shut down [[Freebase (database)|Freebase]] in favor of Wikidata.{{cite web|url = https://plus.google.com/109936836907132434202/posts/bu3z2wVqcQc|title = Freebase|date = 16 December 2014|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190320195748/https://plus.google.com/109936836907132434202/posts/bu3z2wVqcQc|archive-date = 20 March 2019|website = [[Google Plus]]}} [118] => [119] => {{As of|2018|November}}, Wikidata information was used in 58.4% of all English Wikipedia articles, mostly for external identifiers or coordinate locations. In aggregate, data from Wikidata is shown in 64% of all [[List of Wikipedias|Wikipedias]]' pages, 93% of all [[Wikivoyage]] articles, 34% of all [[Wikiquote]]s', 32% of all [[Wikisource]]s', and 27% of Wikimedia Commons.{{cite web|url=http://wdcm.wmflabs.org/WD_percentUsageDashboard/|title=Percentage of articles making use of data from Wikidata|access-date=15 November 2018|archive-date=15 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181115114237/http://wdcm.wmflabs.org/WD_percentUsageDashboard/|url-status=dead}} [120] => [121] => {{As of|2020|December}}, Wikidata's data was visualized by at least 20 other external tools{{cite web|url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Tools/Visualize_data|title=Wikidata:Tools/Visualize data – Wikidata|website=www.wikidata.org|access-date=15 November 2018|archive-date=15 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181115112950/https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Tools/Visualize_data|url-status=live}} and over 300 papers have been published about Wikidata.{{cite web|url=https://scholia.toolforge.org/topic/Q2013|title=Scholia|website=Scholia|access-date=2 August 2021|archive-date=30 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210930185838/https://scholia.toolforge.org/topic/Q2013|url-status=live}} [122] => [123] => == Applications == [124] => * Wikidata's structured dataset has been used by [[virtual assistant]]s such as Apple's [[Siri]] and [[Amazon Alexa]].{{Cite magazine |last1=Simonite |first1=Tom |date=2019-02-18 |title=Inside the Alexa-Friendly World of Wikidata |url=https://www.wired.com/story/inside-the-alexa-friendly-world-of-wikidata/ |access-date=2020-12-25 |magazine=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]] |language=en-us |issn=1059-1028}} [125] => * Mwnci extension can import data from Wikidata to [[LibreOffice Calc]] spreadsheets{{cite web|url=https://gitlab.com/muishkin/mwnci---deep-spreadsheets|title=Rob Barry / Mwnci – Deep Spreadsheets|website=GitLab|access-date=21 September 2019|archive-date=21 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190921132219/https://gitlab.com/muishkin/mwnci---deep-spreadsheets/|url-status=live}} [126] => * KDE Itinerary – a privacy conscious open source travel assistant that uses data from Wikidata{{Citation|last=Krause|first=Volker|title=KDE Itinerary – A privacy by design travel assistant|date=12 January 2020|url=https://media.ccc.de/v/36c3-59-kde-itinerary-a-privacy-by-design-travel-assistant#t=33|language=en|access-date=2020-11-10|archive-date=26 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200626012643/https://media.ccc.de/v/36c3-59-kde-itinerary-a-privacy-by-design-travel-assistant#t=33|url-status=live}} [127] => * [[Google]] originally started a [[semantic parser|frame semantic parser]] project that aims to parse the information on [[Wikipedia]] and transfer it into Wikidata by coming up with relevant statements using [[artificial intelligence]].{{GitHub |google/sling}} [128] => * MathQA – a mathematical [[question answering]] systemScharpf, P. Schubotz, M. Gipp, B. [https://www.gipp.com/wp-content/papercite-data/pdf/scharpf2022.pdf Mining Mathematical Documents for Question Answering via Unsupervised Formula Labeling] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210114012/https://www.gipp.com/wp-content/papercite-data/pdf/scharpf2022.pdf |date=10 February 2023 }} ACM/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries, 2022. [129] => [130] => A systematic literature review of the uses of Wikidata in research was carried out in 2019.{{cite journal |last1=Mora-Cantallops |first1=Marçal |last2=Sánchez-Alonso |first2=Salvador |last3=García-Barriocanal |first3=Elena |title=A systematic literature review on Wikidata |journal=Data Technologies and Applications |date=2 September 2019 |volume=53 |issue=3 |pages=250–268 |doi=10.1108/DTA-12-2018-0110|s2cid=202036639 }} [131] => [132] => == See also == [133] => {{Portal|Internet}} [134] => * [[Abstract Wikipedia]] [135] => * [[BabelNet]] [136] => * [[DBpedia]] [137] => * [[Semantic MediaWiki]] [138] => * [[Wikibase]] [139] => * [[Wikimedia Enterprise]] [140] => [141] => [142] => == References == [143] => {{reflist}} [144] => [145] => == Further reading == [146] => * {{citation |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/04/the-problem-with-wikidata/255564/ |work=[[The Atlantic]] |location=US |date= 6 April 2012 |title=The Problem With Wikidata |author=Mark Graham }} [147] => * Claudia Müller-Birn, Benjamin Karran, Janette Lehmann, Markus Luczak-Rösch: ''[http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/377397/1/paper-1.pdf Peer-production system or collaborative ontology development effort: What is Wikidata?]'' In, OpenSym 2015 – Conference on Open Collaboration, San Francisco, US, 19 – 21 Aug 2015 (preprint). [148] => [149] => == External links == [150] => {{Commons category}} [151] => {{Scholia|topic}} [152] => {{Wikiquote}} [153] => * {{Official website}} [154] => * Videos: [https://media.ccc.de/b/conferences/wikidatacon WikidataCon] on ''media.ccc.de'' [155] => * [https://query.wikidata.org/querybuilder/? Wikidata Query Builder] [156] => [157] => {{Open data navbox}} [158] => {{Wikimedia Foundation|state=expanded}} [159] => {{Authority control}} [160] => [161] => [[Category:Wikidata| ]] [162] => [[Category:Knowledge graphs]] [163] => [[Category:Wikimedia projects]] [164] => [[Category:Lexical databases]] [165] => [[Category:Online databases]] [166] => [[Category:Community websites]] [167] => [[Category:Creative Commons-licensed websites]] [168] => [[Category:Open data]] [169] => [[Category:Internet properties established in 2012]] [170] => [[Category:Articles containing video clips]] [] => )
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Wikidata

Wikidata is a free and open knowledge base that can be read and edited by both humans and machines. It was created by the Wikimedia Foundation and serves as a central repository for structured data used across all Wikimedia projects, including Wikipedia.

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It was created by the Wikimedia Foundation and serves as a central repository for structured data used across all Wikimedia projects, including Wikipedia. Wikidata provides a platform for storing and organizing data in a consistent and structured manner, allowing for easier interlinking between different language editions of Wikipedia and other Wikimedia sites. It enables the creation of infoboxes and other data-driven templates, making it easier to update and maintain information across multiple pages. With its extensive API, Wikidata also allows developers to access and utilize its data for various applications and projects. Overall, Wikidata aims to improve the quality and accessibility of information on the Wikimedia projects and beyond by providing a central hub for structured data.

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