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Pierluigi Diaco is under investigation by Codacons and Giulia Giornaliste for the inquisitorial tone used during an interview with Alberto Ravagnani, with requests for sanctions and suspension of the show 'BellaMa' following violations of the journalistic code of ethics. #PierluigiDiaco #Codacons #DignitàPrivacy (translated)

57 YEARS OF #PHOTOVOLTAICS IN ITALY I hope I will be forgiven a small indulgence, but this is one of those events that happen only once in a lifetime, and since it's about MY life, I want to celebrate it and, in this social media age, what better celebration than to share it with my online friends? To make a long story short, exactly 57 years ago, in September 1969, I started working at the Transmission Electron Microscopy Laboratory of the Physics Institute in Bologna. The laboratory director was Prof. Ugo Valdrè, the undisputed father of electron microscopy in Italy. Under his direction, I began working on the preparation of silicon samples to enable the first high-definition observations of the lattice structure of silicon and its related defects. Then many years went by, during which I moved to the CNR, I saw new models of transmission and scanning electron microscopes being developed, always continuing to work on the characterization of materials for the production of photovoltaic cells. In that laboratory, we produced the first solar cells made in Italy and the first photovoltaic panel with an incredibly high efficiency at that time of 12%. These were exciting years, full of beautiful experiences, many small discoveries, and above all, a lot of tedious routine work that allows all those who work with silicon today to deeply understand this material and create increasingly perfect and high-performance products. Well, that's just it, but 57 years have passed, and since at my age, migrating from earthly life to the cloud is instantaneous, I will bore you annually and will stop (for reasons beyond my control) only after I have (reluctantly) completed my migration to the cloud. 😉 ------------------------------------ The larger photo above was taken with a scanning electron microscope and depicts the anti-reflective surface of a monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cell. These pyramids were obtained through a chemical treatment with a solution of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. For decades, this method had been abandoned in favor of screen-printed films, but it is making a comeback in high-efficiency and bifacial cells. ------------------------------------ The smaller photo at the bottom left is the electron microscope image of a dislocation on a silicon crystal. The "dislocation" is a defect in the lattice structure of silicon due to a shift of the atoms. A practical example is a stack of books where some planes overlap others with a small lateral displacement. Lattice defects reduce the efficiency of cells which, to achieve high efficiency, must be made from silicon with a perfect crystal lattice structure. In this specific case, the lattice shift was also used as a resolution test for the electron microscope that could distinguish two objects spaced just 2.5 Angstroms apart. ------------------------------------ The central photo at the bottom is a reconstruction of the first electron microscope invented and made by the Germans Ernst Ruska and Max Knoll in 1931. It is based on the fact that the resolving power is inversely proportional to the wavelength of the radiation used, which is smaller for an electron beam compared to a photon beam, allowing for several orders of magnitude increase. Anyone working in photovoltaics should know that it is thanks to the electron microscope that it is now possible to produce huge silicon wafers free of defects in the atomic lattice structure, which would greatly reduce the efficiency of the cells. I worked for 11 years with one of these machines first at the Physics Institute of Bologna and then at the LAMEL Laboratory of the National Research Council. ------------------------------------ I worked for 11 years with one of these machines first at the Physics Institute of Bologna and then at the LAMEL Laboratory of the National Research Council; in fact, the last photo at the bottom right is of "my" microscope which I cleaned, polished, and maintained more than a new car. Although it was 1969, as you can see, it was a bit fancier and more efficient than the one in the museum and was equipped with X-ray microanalysis for precise characterization of the chemical composition of materials. It operated at 100 kV, 200,000 magnifications with a resolution of 2.5 Angstroms. It was exactly the model in the photo, SIEMENS Elmiskop 102 #photovoltaics #microscopy #historyofthephotovoltaics #electronmicroscope #LAMEL #SolarEnergy #CNR #photovoltaiccells www.fotovoltaici.info (translated)

The Italian tax authority is banning the use of software that speeds up the transmission of the data of electronic receipts, as it compromises tax certification and the emergence of strategic data in the fight against tax evasion. #lottaallevasione #fisco #softwarevelocizzatori (translated)

The author argued that the "Internet of Things" connects everyday electronic products to the network, constantly transmitting associated data. In his opinion, this would allow remote hacking of any device or using the collected data against those who interacted with it. #InternetDelleCose #SicurezzaInformativa #Tecnologia #IT (translated)

Kylian Mbappé has been dropped by two important Chinese sponsors, and the state television has suspended the broadcast of La Liga after a video emerged in which he seems to joke about Mao Zedong, a gesture considered disrespectful in China. #KylianMbappé #controversia #Cina (translated)

The nephew of a mafia boss was photographed with a politician from Brothers of Italy and allegedly asked to vote for him, according to an investigation by the program Lo Stato delle cose conducted by Massimo Giletti, which reveals mafia infiltrations in cleaning contracts for hospitals. #Mafia #AppaltiPubblici #FdI (translated)

Alessandro Di Battista, speaking on the program Accordi&Disaccordi, criticized Elly Schlein calling her untrustworthy and accused the Democratic Party of significantly eroding the social state and workers' rights in Italy. #DiBattista #PartitoDemocratico #DirittiDeiLavoratori (translated)

The Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith recognizes that the expression "epochal change" used by Pope Francis for the first time in the 2014 interview with Il Messaggero has become central in the analysis of the profound transformations of contemporary society and in the transmission of faith to new generations. #CambiamentoEpoca #PapaFrancesco #FedeCattolica (translated)

The World Health Organization has declared it unlikely for the Shamonda virus to spread further among humans, after a lethal infection was recorded in an immunocompromised patient in France, while experts continue to investigate the modes of transmission and its impact on public health. #VirusShamonda #OMS #Salutepubblica (translated)

The Cinghio described October 20 as a difficult day for Sempio's defense, stating that in various broadcasts regarding the Garlasco case three reconstructions presented in the previous weeks as certainties had been disputed. At Mattino Cinque, he reported, the reconstruction of the Prosecutor's Office had been illustrated, according to which the comment published on the podcast dated back to April 15, the day after the soliloquy of the three phone calls: this, according to the author, would have cast doubt on the hypothesis that the soliloquy had begun in response to that comment. In the afternoon, he continued, Skin had presented the Prosecutor's interpretation of the intercepts from 2017, deemed relevant to reconstruct what Sempio knew about the matter. The Cinghio noted that this reading contrasted with the statements made by lawyer Taccia and commentators Oliva and Longo, according to whom Sempio would not have been involved. In the evening, he added, Milo Infante had shown that he could wear two shoes, one size 43 and one size 42, even though he had size 44 and a half, after the video of "Cenerentolo" showed difficulties in putting on the shoe. The author clarified that the demonstration did not constitute definitive proof, also due to differences in shape, fit, and foot characteristics. The Cinghio criticized the defenses' reconstructions, arguing that they could weaken their credibility and appear misleading to the public. He also stated that the public had the right to question the defense's arguments, especially when they were repeatedly presented as indisputable. #Garlasco #Garlasco #Giustizia #Processo (translated)

Meta is developing Petal, the longest and most powerful underwater fiber optic internet cable in the world, which will connect the United States and France for 7,000 kilometers and will be completed in 2029, offering a transmission capacity of 1 million gigabits per second. #CavoSottomarino #FibraOttica #Meta (translated)

The inflation outlook indicates higher inflation in the future, especially in the short term, given the recent developments in energy markets. However, at this stage, we do not see evidence of a significant pass-through of energy prices to other prices and wages, beyond what is already included in our projections. Lagarde explained that the ECB's 'reaction function' is based on three criteria: the assessment of inflation prospects and the risks surrounding them; the dynamics of core inflation; and the strength of the transmission of monetary policy. #BCE #inflazione #politicamonetaria (translated)

The problem is not mine, there is a blockage of the data transmission network of Enav managed by Tim. On the political front, the opposition has asked Minister Salvini to intervene in Parliament regarding the situation, but he specified: "the problem is not mine, there is a blockage of the data transmission network of Enav managed by Tim." #TrafficoAereo #ProblemiRete #Roma (translated)