Array ( [0] => {{Short description|Anticoagulant medication}} [1] => {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2023}} [2] => {{cs1 config |name-list-style=vanc |display-authors=6}} [3] => {{Infobox drug [4] => | Watchedfields = changed [5] => | verifiedrevid = 443663022 [6] => | image = Apixaban.svg [7] => | width = [8] => | alt = [9] => | image2 = Apixaban ball-and-stick model.png [10] => | width2 = [11] => | alt2 = [12] => | caption = [13] => [14] => [15] => | pronounce = [16] => | tradename = Eliquis, others [17] => | Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|apixaban}} [18] => | MedlinePlus = a613032 [19] => | DailyMedID = Apixaban [20] => | pregnancy_AU = C [21] => | pregnancy_AU_comment = {{cite web | title=Apixaban (Eliquis) Use During Pregnancy | website=Drugs.com | date=21 June 2019 | url=https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/apixaban.html | access-date=13 August 2020}} [22] => | pregnancy_category= [23] => | routes_of_administration = [[Oral administration|By mouth]] [24] => | class = [25] => | ATC_prefix = B01 [26] => | ATC_suffix = AF02 [27] => | ATC_supplemental = [28] => [29] => [30] => | legal_AU = [31] => | legal_AU_comment = [32] => | legal_BR = [33] => | legal_BR_comment = [34] => | legal_CA = [35] => | legal_CA_comment = [36] => | legal_DE = [37] => | legal_DE_comment = [38] => | legal_NZ = [39] => | legal_NZ_comment = [40] => | legal_UK = POM [41] => | legal_UK_comment = {{cite web | title=Eliquis 5 mg film-coated tablets - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) | website=(emc) | date=3 May 2022 | url=https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/2878/smpc | access-date=8 October 2022}} [42] => | legal_US = Rx-only [43] => | legal_US_comment = [44] => | legal_EU = Rx-only [45] => | legal_EU_comment = [46] => | legal_UN = [47] => | legal_UN_comment = [48] => | legal_status = Rx-only [49] => [50] => [51] => | bioavailability = ~50% [52] => | protein_bound = ~87% [53] => | metabolism = [[CYP3A4]], [[CYP3A5]], [[CYP1A2]] and others [54] => | metabolites = [55] => | onset = [56] => | elimination_half-life = 9–14 h [57] => | duration_of_action = [58] => | excretion = [[Bile duct]] (75%), [[kidney]] (25%) [59] => [60] => [61] => | CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} [62] => | CAS_number = 503612-47-3 [63] => | CAS_supplemental = [64] => | PubChem = 10182969 [65] => | IUPHAR_ligand = 6390 [66] => | DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}} [67] => | DrugBank = DB07828 [68] => | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} [69] => | ChemSpiderID = 8358471 [70] => | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} [71] => | UNII = 3Z9Y7UWC1J [72] => | KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} [73] => | KEGG = D03213 [74] => | ChEBI_Ref = [75] => | ChEBI = [76] => | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} [77] => | ChEMBL = 231779 [78] => | NIAID_ChemDB = [79] => | PDB_ligand = [80] => | synonyms = BMS-562247-01 [81] => [82] => [83] => | IUPAC_name = 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-oxo-6-[4-(2-oxopiperidin-1-yl)phenyl]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1''H''-pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine-3-carboxamide [84] => | C=25 | H=25 | N=5 | O=4 [85] => | SMILES = O=C5N(c4ccc(N3C(=O)c1c(c(nn1c2ccc(OC)cc2)C(=O)N)CC3)cc4)CCCC5 [86] => | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} [87] => | StdInChI = 1S/C25H25N5O4/c1-34-19-11-9-18(10-12-19)30-23-20(22(27-30)24(26)32)13-15-29(25(23)33)17-7-5-16(6-8-17)28-14-3-2-4-21(28)31/h5-12H,2-4,13-15H2,1H3,(H2,26,32) [88] => | StdInChI_comment = [89] => | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} [90] => | StdInChIKey = QNZCBYKSOIHPEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [91] => | density = [92] => | density_notes = [93] => | melting_point = [94] => | melting_high = [95] => | melting_notes = [96] => | boiling_point = [97] => | boiling_notes = [98] => | solubility = [99] => | sol_units = [100] => | specific_rotation = [101] => }} [102] => [103] => [104] => '''Apixaban''', sold under the brand name '''Eliquis''', is an [[anticoagulant]] medication used to treat and prevent [[venous thromboembolism|blood clots]] and to prevent [[stroke]] in people with nonvalvular [[atrial fibrillation]] through directly inhibiting [[factor Xa#Factor Xa|factor Xa]].{{cite book|title=British national formulary: BNF 76|date=2018|publisher=Pharmaceutical Press|isbn=9780857113382|pages=124–125|edition=76}}{{cite web|date=23 December 2019|title=FDA approves first generics of Eliquis|url=https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-generics-eliquis|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191223220042/https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-generics-eliquis|archive-date=23 December 2019|access-date=23 December 2019|website=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA)}} {{PD-notice}} Specifically, it is used to prevent blood clots following [[hip replacement|hip]] or [[knee replacement]] and in those with a history of prior clots. It is used as an alternative to [[warfarin]] and does not require monitoring by blood tests or dietary restrictions.{{cite magazine | vauthors = Hall H |author-link=Harriet Hall |date=September-October 2020 |title=How a Drug Is Born |url= |magazine=[[Skeptical Inquirer]] |location=Amherst, New York |publisher=[[Center for Inquiry]] |access-date=}} It is taken [[Oral administration|by mouth]]. [105] => [106] => [107] => Common side effects include [[bleeding]] and nausea. Other side effects may include [[spinal hematoma|bleeding around the spine]] and allergic reactions. Use is not recommended during [[pregnancy]] or [[breastfeeding]]. Use appears to be relatively safe in those with mild [[kidney problems]]. Compared to warfarin it has fewer [[drug interaction|interactions with other medications]].{{cite book | vauthors = Kiser K |title=Oral Anticoagulation Therapy: Cases and Clinical Correlation |date=2017 |publisher=Springer |isbn=9783319546438 |page=11 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=byYmDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA11 }} It is a [[direct factor Xa inhibitor]]. [108] => [109] => [110] => In 2007, [[Pfizer]] and [[Bristol Myers Squibb|Bristol-Myers Squibb]] began development of apixaban as an anticoagulant.{{cite press release|title=Bristol-Myers Squibb and Pfizer Announce Worldwide Collaboration to Develop and Commercialize Anticoagulant and Metabolic Compounds|url=https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/bristol_myers_squibb_and_pfizer_announce_worldwide_collaboration_to_develop_and_commercialize_anticoagulant_and_metabolic_compounds|url-status=live|access-date=25 December 2021|website=Pfizer |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150910142120/http://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/bristol_myers_squibb_and_pfizer_announce_worldwide_collaboration_to_develop_and_commercialize_anticoagulant_and_metabolic_compounds |archive-date=10 September 2015 }} Apixaban was approved for medical use in the European Union in May 2011, and in the United States in December 2012.{{cite web | title=Eliquis EPAR | website=[[European Medicines Agency]] | date=17 September 2018 | url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/eliquis | access-date=22 April 2020}} Text was copied from this source which is © European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.{{cite web |title=Apixaban Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/apixaban.html |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists |access-date=27 March 2019 }}{{cite web|date=13 February 2013|title=Drug Approval Package: Eliquis (apixaban) NDA #202155|url=https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202155Orig1s000TOC.cfm|access-date=23 December 2019|publisher=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA)}} It is on the [[WHO Model List of Essential Medicines|World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines]].{{cite book | vauthors = ((World Health Organization)) | title = World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021) | year = 2021 | hdl = 10665/345533 | author-link = World Health Organization | publisher = World Health Organization | location = Geneva | id = WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02 | hdl-access=free }} In 2021, it was the 33rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States with more than 17{{nbsp}}million prescriptions.{{cite web | title=The Top 300 of 2021 | url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | website=ClinCalc | access-date=14 January 2024 | archive-date=15 January 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240115223848/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | url-status=live }}{{cite web | title=Apixaban - Drug Usage Statistics | website=ClinCalc | url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Apixaban | access-date=14 January 2024}} It is available as a generic medication, although not in the United States.{{cite web|title=With Court Win, BMS and Pfizer Stave Off Generic Challengers to Eliquis – For Now|url=https://www.biospace.com/article/with-court-win-bms-and-pfizer-stave-off-generic-challengers-to-eliquis-for-now/|access-date=29 November 2021|website=BioSpace}} [111] => [112] => ==Medical uses== [113] => Apixaban is indicated for the following: [114] => * To lower the risk of [[stroke]] and [[embolism]] in people with nonvalvular [[atrial fibrillation]]. [115] => * [[Deep vein thrombosis]] (DVT) prevention. DVTs may lead to [[pulmonary embolism]] (PE) in knee or hip replacement surgery patients. [116] => * Treatment of both DVT and PE. [117] => * To reduce the risk of recurring DVT and PE after initial therapy. [118] => [119] => In the EU, apixaban is indicated for the prevention of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) in adults who have undergone elective hip or knee replacement surgery, the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in adults with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) with one or more risk factors, for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) in adults, and for the prevention of recurrent DVT and PE in adults. [120] => [121] => ===Atrial fibrillation=== [122] => Apixaban is recommended by the [[National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence]] for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in people with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and at least one of the following risk factors: prior stroke or transient ischemic attack, age 75 years or older, [[diabetes]], or symptomatic [[heart failure]].{{cite web |url=http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ta275/documents/stroke-and-systemic-embolism-prevention-nonvalvular-atrial-fibrillation-apixaban-final-appraisal-determination-document2 |title=Apixaban for preventing stroke and systemic embolism in people with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation |format=PDF |publisher=[[National Institute for Health and Care Excellence]] |date=January 2013 |access-date=26 February 2016}} [123] => [124] => Apixaban and other anticoagulants ([[dabigatran]], [[edoxaban]] and [[rivaroxaban]]) appear equally effective as warfarin in preventing non-hemorrhagic stroke in people with atrial fibrillation and are associated with lower risk of intracranial bleeding.{{cite journal | vauthors = Gómez-Outes A, Terleira-Fernández AI, Calvo-Rojas G, Suárez-Gea ML, Vargas-Castrillón E | title = Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban, or Apixaban versus Warfarin in Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Subgroups | journal = Thrombosis | volume = 2013 | pages = 640723 | date = 2013 | pmid = 24455237 | pmc = 3885278 | doi = 10.1155/2013/640723 | doi-access = free }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Lowenstern A, Al-Khatib SM, Sharan L, Chatterjee R, Allen LaPointe NM, Shah B, Borre ED, Raitz G, Goode A, Yapa R, Davis JK, Lallinger K, Schmidt R, Kosinski AS, Sanders GD | title = Interventions for Preventing Thromboembolic Events in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review | journal = Annals of Internal Medicine | volume = 169 | issue = 11 | pages = 774–787 | date = December 2018 | pmid = 30383133 | pmc = 6825839 | doi = 10.7326/M18-1523 }} [125] => [126] => While apixaban may be used in people with severely decreased kidney function and those on hemodialysis it has not been studied in these groups. [127] => [128] => ==Side effects== [129] => ===Bleeding=== [130] => Apixaban can increase the risk of bleeding which may be serious and potentially fatal. Concurrent use with other medications that affect [[hemostasis|blood clotting]] can further increase this risk. This includes medications such as other anticoagulants, heparin, aspirin, antiplatelet medications, [[selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors]], [[Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors|serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors]], and [[Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs|nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]] (NSAIDs).{{cite web | title=Atrial fibrillation and new oral anticoagulant drugs | website=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) | date=2 December 2015 | url=https://www.fda.gov/drugs/news-events-human-drugs/atrial-fibrillation-and-new-oral-anticoagulant-drugs | access-date=22 April 2020}}{{cite web | title=Atrial fibrillation, oral anticoagulant drugs, and their reversal agents | website=U.S. Food and Drug Administration | date=2 December 2015 | url=https://www.fda.gov/drugs/news-events-human-drugs/atrial-fibrillation-oral-anticoagulant-drugs-and-their-reversal-agents | access-date=22 April 2020}}{{cite web | title=No change is needed in use of direct oral anticoagulants following EMA-funded study | website=[[European Medicines Agency]] (EMA) | date=27 March 2020 | url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/no-change-needed-use-direct-oral-anticoagulants-following-ema-funded-study | access-date=22 April 2020}} [131] => [132] => [[Andexanet alfa]] is a US [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) approved [[antidote]] for apixaban in people with uncontrolled and life-threatening bleeding events.{{cite web | title=Andexxa- andexanet alfa injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution | website=[[DailyMed]] | date=8 January 2019 | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=ae7f0c50-ff2d-49e5-8e10-4efa861556e6 | access-date=23 December 2019}}{{cite web | title=Andexxa (coagulation factor Xa (recombinant), inactivated-zhzo) | website=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) | date=31 December 2018 | url=https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/cellular-gene-therapy-products/andexxa-coagulation-factor-xa-recombinant-inactivated-zhzo | access-date=22 April 2020}} [133] => [134] => ===Spinal puncture=== [135] => Following spinal anesthesia or puncture, people who are being treated with anti-thrombotic agents are at higher risk for developing a [[hematoma]], which causes long-term or permanent paralysis. The risk of this may be increased by using epidural or intrathecal [[catheter]]s after a surgical operation or from the concurrent use of medicinal agents that affect [[hemostasis]]. [136] => [137] => ==Mechanism of action== [138] => Apixaban is a highly selective, orally bioavailable, and reversible direct inhibitor of free and clot-bound factor Xa. Factor Xa catalyzes the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin, the final enzyme in the coagulation cascade that is responsible for [[fibrin]] clot formation.{{cite journal | vauthors = Frost C, Wang J, Nepal S, Schuster A, Barrett YC, Mosqueda-Garcia R, Reeves RA, LaCreta F | title = Apixaban, an oral, direct factor Xa inhibitor: single dose safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and food effect in healthy subjects | journal = British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology | volume = 75 | issue = 2 | pages = 476–487 | date = February 2013 | pmid = 22759198 | pmc = 3558798 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04369.x }} Apixaban has no direct effect on [[platelet aggregation]], but by inhibiting factor Xa, it indirectly decreases clot formation induced by thrombin.{{cite web | title=Eliquis- apixaban tablet, film coated Eliquis 30-day starter pack- apixaban kit | website=DailyMed | date=26 November 2019 | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=e9481622-7cc6-418a-acb6-c5450daae9b0 | access-date=22 April 2020}} [139] => [140] => == History == [141] => Apixaban was approved for medical use in the European Union in May 2011. [142] => [143] => A [[new drug application]] (NDA) for the approval of apixaban was submitted to the U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) by [[Bristol-Myers Squibb]] (BMS) and [[Pfizer]] jointly after conclusion of the ARISTOTLE clinical trial in 2011.{{cite journal | vauthors = Granger CB, Alexander JH, McMurray JJ, Lopes RD, Hylek EM, Hanna M, Al-Khalidi HR, Ansell J, Atar D, Avezum A, Bahit MC, Diaz R, Easton JD, Ezekowitz JA, Flaker G, Garcia D, Geraldes M, Gersh BJ, Golitsyn S, Goto S, Hermosillo AG, Hohnloser SH, Horowitz J, Mohan P, Jansky P, Lewis BS, Lopez-Sendon JL, Pais P, Parkhomenko A, Verheugt FW, Zhu J, Wallentin L | title = Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 365 | issue = 11 | pages = 981–992 | date = September 2011 | pmid = 21870978 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMoa1107039 | s2cid = 43262809 | doi-access = free }} Apixaban was approved for the prevention of stroke in people with atrial fibrillation on 28 December 2012.{{cite journal | vauthors = Cada DJ, Levien TL, Baker DE | title = Apixaban | journal = Hospital Pharmacy | volume = 48 | issue = 6 | pages = 494–509 | date = June 2013 | pmid = 24421512 | pmc = 3839491 | doi = 10.1310/hpj4806-494 }} On 13 March 2014, it was approved for the additional indication of preventing [[deep vein thrombosis]] and [[pulmonary embolism]] in people who have recently undergone knee or hip replacement.{{cite web|title=FDA-Approved Drugs: Eliquis (apixaban)|url=https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/index.cfm?event=overview.process&ApplNo=202155|access-date=23 December 2019|website=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA)}}{{cite news| vauthors = Neale T |date=14 March 2014|title=FDA OKs Apixaban for DVT Prevention|agency=MedPage Today|url=http://www.medpagetoday.com/Cardiology/VenousThrombosis/44776|access-date=17 September 2015}} On 21 August 2014, the FDA approved apixaban for the additional indication of the treatment of recurring deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.{{cite press release|title=U.S. FDA Approves Eliquis (apixaban) for the Treatment of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and Pulmonary Embolism (PE), and for the Reduction in the Risk of Recurrent DVT and PE Following Initial Therapy|url=http://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/u_s_fda_approves_eliquis_apixaban_for_the_treatment_of_deep_vein_thrombosis_dvt_and_pulmonary_embolism_pe_and_for_the_reduction_in_the_risk_of_recurrent_dvt_and_pe_following_initial_therapy|publisher=Pfizer|date=21 August 2014|access-date=26 February 2016}} During its development the drug was known as BMS-562247-01.{{cite web|title=Apixaban|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Apixaban|access-date=2 September 2022|publisher=PubChem, US National Library of Medicine|date=27 August 2022}} By late 2019, sales of the product by BMS accounted for thirty-percent of their quarterly revenue.{{cite news|date=24 December 2019|title=FIRST: Mylan, Micro Labs get USFDA nod for generic version of blood thinner Eliquis|work=Business Medical Dialogues|publisher=Minerva Medical Treatment|location=New Delhi, India|url=https://business.medicaldialogues.in/first-mylan-micro-labs-get-usfda-nod-for-generic-version-of-blood-thinner-eliquis/|access-date=24 December 2019}} [144] => [145] => == Society and culture == [146] => === Economics === [147] => In December 2019, the US FDA approved a generic version of apixaban produced jointly by [[Mylan]] and Micro Labs.{{cite web | title=2019 First Generic Drugs Approvals | website=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) | date=5 August 2020 | url=https://www.fda.gov/drugs/first-generic-drug-approvals/2019-first-generic-drug-approvals | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230630003606/https://www.fda.gov/drugs/first-generic-drug-approvals/2019-first-generic-drug-approvals | archive-date=30 June 2023 | url-status=live | access-date=30 June 2023}} BMS and Pfizer worked quickly to block generics from being created, and in August 2020, they won a patent infringement lawsuit against [[Sigma Pharmaceutical Group|Sigmapharm]], Sunshine Lake, and [[Unichem Laboratories|Unichem]], after previously settling patent cases against 25 other companies.{{cite web|title=Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. v. Aurobindo Pharma USA Inc.|url=https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/bristol-myers-squibb-co-v-aurobindo-70530/|access-date=30 November 2021|website=JD Supra}}{{cite web|title=Bristol Myers, Pfizer fend off a key challenge to their top-selling heart drug|url=https://www.biopharmadive.com/news/bristol-myers-pfizer-eliquis-patent-court-ruling/583027/|access-date=30 November 2021|website=BioPharma Dive}} In September 2021, a [[Federal Circuit Court of Appeals|Federal Circuit Court]] upheld the ruling.{{cite web|title=Federal Circuit Crystallizes BMS' Apixaban District Court Win|url=https://www.natlawreview.com/article/federal-circuit-crystallizes-bms-apixaban-district-court-win|access-date=30 November 2021|website=The National Law Review}} The result is that apixaban generics will most likely not be available in the United States until at least 2026, but possibly 2031. [148] => [149] => In July 2022, the Canadian generic drug company, [[Apotex Inc.]], obtained approval for marketing of apixaban.{{cite web | vauthors = Levy S |title=Apotex offers generic Eliquis in Canada |url=https://drugstorenews.com/apotex-offers-generic-eliquis-canada |publisher=Drugstore News |access-date=2 September 2022 |date=1 August 2022}}{{cite press release | title=First Generic Alternative to Eliquis Now Available in Canada | website=Apotex | date=20 July 2022 | url=https://www.apotex.com/global/about-us/press-center/2022/07/20/first-generic-alternative-to-eliquis-now-available-in-canada | access-date=29 June 2023}} [150] => [151] => Apixaban is one of the ten medications proposed for price negotiations in the US under the [[Inflation Reduction Act]]. According to Bristol Myers Squibb the average pay per month per patient for Eliquis is {{US$|55}}.{{cite web |last=Kansteiner |first=Fraiser |date=29 August 2023 |title=Drugs from J&J, Merck, Novartis, BMS and more set for first round of Medicare price negotiations: CMS |url=https://www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/medicare-unveils-list-10-drugs-set-price-negotiations-under-ira |access-date=31 August 2023}} [152] => [153] => ==References== [154] => {{Reflist}} [155] => [156] => {{Antithrombotics}} [157] => {{Portal bar | Medicine}} [158] => [159] => [[Category:Drugs developed by Bristol Myers Squibb]] [160] => [[Category:Direct Xa inhibitors]] [161] => [[Category:Delta-lactams]] [162] => [[Category:Drugs developed by Pfizer]] [163] => [[Category:Phenol ethers]] [164] => [[Category:2-Piperidinones]] [165] => [[Category:Pyrazolopyridines]] [166] => [[Category:Wikipedia medicine articles ready to translate]] [] => )
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Apixaban

Apixaban is an oral anticoagulant medication that belongs to the class of drugs known as direct factor Xa inhibitors. It is primarily used for the prevention of blood clots in individuals with atrial fibrillation, as well as in those who have undergone certain types of orthopedic surgeries.

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It is primarily used for the prevention of blood clots in individuals with atrial fibrillation, as well as in those who have undergone certain types of orthopedic surgeries. This medication works by inhibiting the action of factor Xa, which is a crucial component in the blood clotting process. The Wikipedia page on apixaban provides detailed information about the drug, including its pharmacology, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, and clinical indications. It also discusses potential side effects, contraindications, and interactions with other drugs. Additionally, the page highlights ongoing research and challenges associated with the use of apixaban.

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